1 (**************************************************************************)
4 (* ||A|| A project by Andrea Asperti *)
6 (* ||I|| Developers: *)
7 (* ||T|| A.Asperti, C.Sacerdoti Coen, *)
8 (* ||A|| E.Tassi, S.Zacchiroli *)
10 (* \ / This file is distributed under the terms of the *)
11 (* v GNU Lesser General Public License Version 2.1 *)
13 (**************************************************************************)
15 set "baseuri" "cic:/matita/Q/q".
17 include "Z/compare.ma".
20 (* a fraction is a list of Z-coefficients for primes, in natural
21 order. The last coefficient must eventually be different from 0 *)
23 inductive fraction : Set \def
25 | nn: nat \to fraction
26 | cons : Z \to fraction \to fraction.
28 inductive ratio : Set \def
30 | frac : fraction \to ratio.
32 (* a rational number is either O or a ratio with a sign *)
33 inductive Q : Set \def
38 (* double elimination principles *)
39 theorem fraction_elim2:
40 \forall R:fraction \to fraction \to Prop.
41 (\forall n:nat.\forall g:fraction.R (pp n) g) \to
42 (\forall n:nat.\forall g:fraction.R (nn n) g) \to
43 (\forall x:Z.\forall f:fraction.\forall m:nat.R (cons x f) (pp m)) \to
44 (\forall x:Z.\forall f:fraction.\forall m:nat.R (cons x f) (nn m)) \to
45 (\forall x,y:Z.\forall f,g:fraction.R f g \to R (cons x f) (cons y g)) \to
46 \forall f,g:fraction. R f g.
56 (* boolean equality *)
61 [ (pp m) \Rightarrow eqb n m
62 | (nn m) \Rightarrow false
63 | (cons y g1) \Rightarrow false]
66 [ (pp m) \Rightarrow false
67 | (nn m) \Rightarrow eqb n m
68 | (cons y g1) \Rightarrow false]
69 | (cons x f1) \Rightarrow
71 [ (pp m) \Rightarrow false
72 | (nn m) \Rightarrow false
73 | (cons y g1) \Rightarrow andb (eqZb x y) (eqfb f1 g1)]].
77 \lambda f. match f with
78 [ (pp n) \Rightarrow n
79 | (nn n) \Rightarrow n
80 | (cons x f) \Rightarrow O].
83 \lambda f. match f with
84 [ (pp n) \Rightarrow (pos n)
85 | (nn n) \Rightarrow (neg n)
86 | (cons x f) \Rightarrow x].
89 \lambda f. match f with
90 [ (pp n) \Rightarrow (pp n)
91 | (nn n) \Rightarrow (nn n)
92 | (cons x f) \Rightarrow f].
94 theorem injective_pp : injective nat fraction pp.
95 unfold injective.intros.
96 change with ((aux (pp x)) = (aux (pp y))).
97 apply eq_f.assumption.
100 theorem injective_nn : injective nat fraction nn.
101 unfold injective.intros.
102 change with ((aux (nn x)) = (aux (nn y))).
103 apply eq_f.assumption.
106 theorem eq_cons_to_eq1: \forall f,g:fraction.\forall x,y:Z.
107 (cons x f) = (cons y g) \to x = y.
109 change with ((fhd (cons x f)) = (fhd (cons y g))).
110 apply eq_f.assumption.
113 theorem eq_cons_to_eq2: \forall x,y:Z.\forall f,g:fraction.
114 (cons x f) = (cons y g) \to f = g.
116 change with ((ftl (cons x f)) = (ftl (cons y g))).
117 apply eq_f.assumption.
120 theorem not_eq_pp_nn: \forall n,m:nat. pp n \neq nn m.
121 intros.unfold Not. intro.
122 change with match (pp n) with
123 [ (pp n) \Rightarrow False
124 | (nn n) \Rightarrow True
125 | (cons x f) \Rightarrow True].
130 theorem not_eq_pp_cons:
131 \forall n:nat.\forall x:Z. \forall f:fraction.
133 intros.unfold Not. intro.
134 change with match (pp n) with
135 [ (pp n) \Rightarrow False
136 | (nn n) \Rightarrow True
137 | (cons x f) \Rightarrow True].
142 theorem not_eq_nn_cons:
143 \forall n:nat.\forall x:Z. \forall f:fraction.
145 intros.unfold Not. intro.
146 change with match (nn n) with
147 [ (pp n) \Rightarrow True
148 | (nn n) \Rightarrow False
149 | (cons x f) \Rightarrow True].
154 theorem decidable_eq_fraction: \forall f,g:fraction.
156 intros.unfold decidable.
157 apply (fraction_elim2 (\lambda f,g. f=g \lor (f=g \to False))).
159 elim ((decidable_eq_nat n n1) : n=n1 \lor (n=n1 \to False)).
160 left.apply eq_f. assumption.
161 right.intro.apply H.apply injective_pp.assumption.
162 right.apply not_eq_pp_nn.
163 right.apply not_eq_pp_cons.
165 right.intro.apply (not_eq_pp_nn n1 n).apply sym_eq. assumption.
166 elim ((decidable_eq_nat n n1) : n=n1 \lor (n=n1 \to False)).
167 left. apply eq_f. assumption.
168 right.intro.apply H.apply injective_nn.assumption.
169 right.apply not_eq_nn_cons.
170 intros.right.intro.apply (not_eq_pp_cons m x f1).apply sym_eq.assumption.
171 intros.right.intro.apply (not_eq_nn_cons m x f1).apply sym_eq.assumption.
173 elim ((decidable_eq_Z x y) : x=y \lor (x=y \to False)).
174 left.apply eq_f2.assumption.
176 right.intro.apply H2.apply (eq_cons_to_eq1 f1 g1).assumption.
177 right.intro.apply H1.apply (eq_cons_to_eq2 x y f1 g1).assumption.
180 theorem eqfb_to_Prop: \forall f,g:fraction.
181 match (eqfb f g) with
182 [true \Rightarrow f=g
183 |false \Rightarrow f \neq g].
184 intros.apply (fraction_elim2
185 (\lambda f,g.match (eqfb f g) with
186 [true \Rightarrow f=g
187 |false \Rightarrow f \neq g])).
189 simplify.apply eqb_elim.
190 intro.simplify.apply eq_f.assumption.
191 intro.simplify.unfold Not.intro.apply H.apply injective_pp.assumption.
192 simplify.apply not_eq_pp_nn.
193 simplify.apply not_eq_pp_cons.
195 simplify.unfold Not.intro.apply (not_eq_pp_nn n1 n).apply sym_eq. assumption.
196 simplify.apply eqb_elim.intro.simplify.apply eq_f.assumption.
197 intro.simplify.unfold Not.intro.apply H.apply injective_nn.assumption.
198 simplify.apply not_eq_nn_cons.
199 intros.simplify.unfold Not.intro.apply (not_eq_pp_cons m x f1).apply sym_eq. assumption.
200 intros.simplify.unfold Not.intro.apply (not_eq_nn_cons m x f1).apply sym_eq. assumption.
204 intro.generalize in match H.elim (eqfb f1 g1).
205 simplify.apply eq_f2.assumption.
207 simplify.unfold Not.intro.apply H2.apply (eq_cons_to_eq2 x y).assumption.
208 intro.simplify.unfold Not.intro.apply H1.apply (eq_cons_to_eq1 f1 g1).assumption.
213 [ (pp n) \Rightarrow (nn n)
214 | (nn n) \Rightarrow (pp n)
215 | (cons x g) \Rightarrow (cons (Zopp x) (finv g))].
217 definition Z_to_ratio :Z \to ratio \def
218 \lambda x:Z. match x with
220 | (pos n) \Rightarrow frac (pp n)
221 | (neg n) \Rightarrow frac (nn n)].
223 let rec ftimes f g \def
227 [(pp m) \Rightarrow Z_to_ratio (pos n + pos m)
228 | (nn m) \Rightarrow Z_to_ratio (pos n + neg m)
229 | (cons y g1) \Rightarrow frac (cons (pos n + y) g1)]
232 [(pp m) \Rightarrow Z_to_ratio (neg n + pos m)
233 | (nn m) \Rightarrow Z_to_ratio (neg n + neg m)
234 | (cons y g1) \Rightarrow frac (cons (neg n + y) g1)]
235 | (cons x f1) \Rightarrow
237 [ (pp m) \Rightarrow frac (cons (x + pos m) f1)
238 | (nn m) \Rightarrow frac (cons (x + neg m) f1)
239 | (cons y g1) \Rightarrow
240 match ftimes f1 g1 with
241 [ one \Rightarrow Z_to_ratio (x + y)
242 | (frac h) \Rightarrow frac (cons (x + y) h)]]].
244 theorem symmetric2_ftimes: symmetric2 fraction ratio ftimes.
245 unfold symmetric2. intros.apply (fraction_elim2 (\lambda f,g.ftimes f g = ftimes g f)).
247 change with (Z_to_ratio (pos n + pos n1) = Z_to_ratio (pos n1 + pos n)).
248 apply eq_f.apply sym_Zplus.
249 change with (Z_to_ratio (pos n + neg n1) = Z_to_ratio (neg n1 + pos n)).
250 apply eq_f.apply sym_Zplus.
251 change with (frac (cons (pos n + z) f) = frac (cons (z + pos n) f)).
252 rewrite < sym_Zplus.reflexivity.
254 change with (Z_to_ratio (neg n + pos n1) = Z_to_ratio (pos n1 + neg n)).
255 apply eq_f.apply sym_Zplus.
256 change with (Z_to_ratio (neg n + neg n1) = Z_to_ratio (neg n1 + neg n)).
257 apply eq_f.apply sym_Zplus.
258 change with (frac (cons (neg n + z) f) = frac (cons (z + neg n) f)).
259 rewrite < sym_Zplus.reflexivity.
260 intros.change with (frac (cons (x1 + pos m) f) = frac (cons (pos m + x1) f)).
261 rewrite < sym_Zplus.reflexivity.
262 intros.change with (frac (cons (x1 + neg m) f) = frac (cons (neg m + x1) f)).
263 rewrite < sym_Zplus.reflexivity.
266 (match ftimes f g with
267 [ one \Rightarrow Z_to_ratio (x1 + y1)
268 | (frac h) \Rightarrow frac (cons (x1 + y1) h)] =
269 match ftimes g f with
270 [ one \Rightarrow Z_to_ratio (y1 + x1)
271 | (frac h) \Rightarrow frac (cons (y1 + x1) h)]).
272 rewrite < H.rewrite < sym_Zplus.reflexivity.
275 theorem ftimes_finv : \forall f:fraction. ftimes f (finv f) = one.
277 change with (Z_to_ratio (pos n + - (pos n)) = one).
278 rewrite > Zplus_Zopp.reflexivity.
279 change with (Z_to_ratio (neg n + - (neg n)) = one).
280 rewrite > Zplus_Zopp.reflexivity.
281 (* again: we would need something to help finding the right change *)
283 (match ftimes f1 (finv f1) with
284 [ one \Rightarrow Z_to_ratio (z + - z)
285 | (frac h) \Rightarrow frac (cons (z + - z) h)] = one).
286 rewrite > H.rewrite > Zplus_Zopp.reflexivity.
289 definition rtimes : ratio \to ratio \to ratio \def
293 | (frac f) \Rightarrow
295 [one \Rightarrow frac f
296 | (frac g) \Rightarrow ftimes f g]].
298 theorem symmetric_rtimes : symmetric ratio rtimes.
299 change with (\forall r,s:ratio. rtimes r s = rtimes s r).
306 simplify.apply symmetric2_ftimes.
309 definition rinv : ratio \to ratio \def
313 | (frac f) \Rightarrow frac (finv f)].
315 theorem rtimes_rinv: \forall r:ratio. rtimes r (rinv r) = one.
318 simplify.apply ftimes_finv.