+ 'UpDownArrowStar c = (shift c).
+
+(* Basic properties *********************************************************)
+
+lemma shift_rew: ∀ri,rs,ti,ts. 〈ri∨rs,0,ti∨ts,0〉 = ↕*〈ri,rs,ti,ts〉.
+normalize //
+qed.
+
+lemma shift_O: 𝟘𝟘 = ↕*𝟘𝟘.
+// qed.
+
+(* Basic inversion properties ***********************************************)
+
+lemma shift_inv_dx: ∀ri,rs,ti,ts,c. 〈ri,rs,ti,ts〉 = ↕*c →
+ ∃∃ri0,rs0,ti0,ts0. (ri0∨rs0) = ri & 0 = rs & (ti0∨ts0) = ti & 0 = ts &
+ 〈ri0,rs0,ti0,ts0〉 = c.
+#ri #rs #ti #ts * #ri0 #rs0 #ti0 #ts0 <shift_rew #H destruct
+/2 width=7 by ex5_4_intro/
+qed-.