right associative with precedence 47
for @{'cons $hd $tl}.
-notation "[ list0 x sep ; ]"
+notation "[ list0 term 19 x sep ; ]"
non associative with precedence 90
for ${fold right @'nil rec acc @{'cons $x $acc}}.
#A #l1 #l2 #isnil @(nil_append_elim A l1 l2) /2/
qed.
+lemma cons_injective_l : ∀A.∀a1,a2:A.∀l1,l2.a1::l1 = a2::l2 → a1 = a2.
+#A #a1 #a2 #l1 #l2 #Heq destruct //
+qed.
+
+lemma cons_injective_r : ∀A.∀a1,a2:A.∀l1,l2.a1::l1 = a2::l2 → l1 = l2.
+#A #a1 #a2 #l1 #l2 #Heq destruct //
+qed.
+
(**************************** iterators ******************************)
let rec map (A,B:Type[0]) (f: A → B) (l:list A) on l: list B ≝
[ nil ⇒ 0
| cons a tl ⇒ S (length A tl)].
-notation "|M|" non associative with precedence 65 for @{'norm $M}.
-interpretation "norm" 'norm l = (length ? l).
+interpretation "list length" 'card l = (length ? l).
lemma length_tail: ∀A,l. length ? (tail A l) = pred (length ? l).
#A #l elim l //
#A #B #l #f elim l // #a #tl #Hind normalize //
qed.
+lemma length_reverse: ∀A.∀l:list A.
+ |reverse A l| = |l|.
+#A #l elim l // #a #l0 #IH >reverse_cons >length_append normalize //
+qed.
+
+lemma lenght_to_nil: ∀A.∀l:list A.
+ |l| = 0 → l = [ ].
+#A * // #a #tl normalize #H destruct
+qed.
+
+(****************** traversing two lists in parallel *****************)
+lemma list_ind2 :
+ ∀T1,T2:Type[0].∀l1:list T1.∀l2:list T2.∀P:list T1 → list T2 → Prop.
+ length ? l1 = length ? l2 →
+ (P [] []) →
+ (∀tl1,tl2,hd1,hd2. P tl1 tl2 → P (hd1::tl1) (hd2::tl2)) →
+ P l1 l2.
+#T1 #T2 #l1 #l2 #P #Hl #Pnil #Pcons
+generalize in match Hl; generalize in match l2;
+elim l1
+[#l2 cases l2 // normalize #t2 #tl2 #H destruct
+|#t1 #tl1 #IH #l2 cases l2
+ [normalize #H destruct
+ |#t2 #tl2 #H @Pcons @IH normalize in H; destruct // ]
+]
+qed.
+
+lemma list_cases2 :
+ ∀T1,T2:Type[0].∀l1:list T1.∀l2:list T2.∀P:Prop.
+ length ? l1 = length ? l2 →
+ (l1 = [] → l2 = [] → P) →
+ (∀hd1,hd2,tl1,tl2.l1 = hd1::tl1 → l2 = hd2::tl2 → P) → P.
+#T1 #T2 #l1 #l2 #P #Hl @(list_ind2 … Hl)
+[ #Pnil #Pcons @Pnil //
+| #tl1 #tl2 #hd1 #hd2 #IH1 #IH2 #Hp @Hp // ]
+qed.
+
+(*********************** properties of append ***********************)
+lemma append_l1_injective :
+ ∀A.∀l1,l2,l3,l4:list A. |l1| = |l2| → l1@l3 = l2@l4 → l1 = l2.
+#a #l1 #l2 #l3 #l4 #Hlen @(list_ind2 … Hlen) //
+#tl1 #tl2 #hd1 #hd2 #IH normalize #Heq destruct @eq_f /2/
+qed.
+
+lemma append_l2_injective :
+ ∀A.∀l1,l2,l3,l4:list A. |l1| = |l2| → l1@l3 = l2@l4 → l3 = l4.
+#a #l1 #l2 #l3 #l4 #Hlen @(list_ind2 … Hlen) normalize //
+#tl1 #tl2 #hd1 #hd2 #IH normalize #Heq destruct /2/
+qed.
+
+lemma append_l1_injective_r :
+ ∀A.∀l1,l2,l3,l4:list A. |l3| = |l4| → l1@l3 = l2@l4 → l1 = l2.
+#a #l1 #l2 #l3 #l4 #Hlen #Heq lapply (eq_f … (reverse ?) … Heq)
+>reverse_append >reverse_append #Heq1
+lapply (append_l2_injective … Heq1) [ // ] #Heq2
+lapply (eq_f … (reverse ?) … Heq2) //
+qed.
+
+lemma append_l2_injective_r :
+ ∀A.∀l1,l2,l3,l4:list A. |l3| = |l4| → l1@l3 = l2@l4 → l3 = l4.
+#a #l1 #l2 #l3 #l4 #Hlen #Heq lapply (eq_f … (reverse ?) … Heq)
+>reverse_append >reverse_append #Heq1
+lapply (append_l1_injective … Heq1) [ // ] #Heq2
+lapply (eq_f … (reverse ?) … Heq2) //
+qed.
+
lemma length_rev_append: ∀A.∀l,acc:list A.
|rev_append ? l acc| = |l|+|acc|.
#A #l elim l // #a #tl #Hind normalize
#acc >Hind normalize //
qed.
-lemma length_reverse: ∀A.∀l:list A.
- |reverse A l| = |l|.
-// qed.
-
(****************************** mem ********************************)
let rec mem A (a:A) (l:list A) on l ≝
match l with
[ nil ⇒ False
| cons hd tl ⇒ a=hd ∨ mem A a tl
].
+
+lemma mem_append: ∀A,a,l1,l2.mem A a (l1@l2) →
+ mem ? a l1 ∨ mem ? a l2.
+#A #a #l1 elim l1
+ [#l2 #mema %2 @mema
+ |#b #tl #Hind #l2 *
+ [#eqab %1 %1 @eqab
+ |#Hmema cases (Hind ? Hmema) -Hmema #Hmema [%1 %2 //|%2 //]
+ ]
+ ]
+qed.
+
+lemma mem_append_l1: ∀A,a,l1,l2.mem A a l1 → mem A a (l1@l2).
+#A #a #l1 #l2 elim l1
+ [whd in ⊢ (%→?); @False_ind
+ |#b #tl #Hind * [#eqab %1 @eqab |#Hmema %2 @Hind //]
+ ]
+qed.
+
+lemma mem_append_l2: ∀A,a,l1,l2.mem A a l2 → mem A a (l1@l2).
+#A #a #l1 #l2 elim l1 [//|#b #tl #Hind #Hmema %2 @Hind //]
+qed.
+
+lemma mem_single: ∀A,a,b. mem A a [b] → a=b.
+#A #a #b * // @False_ind
+qed.
+
+lemma mem_map: ∀A,B.∀f:A→B.∀l,b.
+ mem ? b (map … f l) → ∃a. mem ? a l ∧ f a = b.
+#A #B #f #l elim l
+ [#b normalize @False_ind
+ |#a #tl #Hind #b normalize *
+ [#eqb @(ex_intro … a) /3/
+ |#memb cases (Hind … memb) #a * #mema #eqb
+ @(ex_intro … a) /3/
+ ]
+ ]
+qed.
+
+lemma mem_map_forward: ∀A,B.∀f:A→B.∀a,l.
+ mem A a l → mem B (f a) (map ?? f l).
+ #A #B #f #a #l elim l
+ [normalize @False_ind
+ |#b #tl #Hind *
+ [#eqab <eqab normalize %1 % |#memtl normalize %2 @Hind @memtl]
+ ]
+qed.
(***************************** split *******************************)
let rec split_rev A (l:list A) acc n on n ≝
lemma split_len: ∀A,n,l. n ≤ |l| →
|\fst (split A l n)| = n.
#A #n #l #Hlen normalize >(eq_pair_fst_snd ?? (split_rev …))
-normalize >lenght_reverse >(split_rev_len … [ ] Hlen) normalize //
+normalize >length_reverse >(split_rev_len … [ ] Hlen) normalize //
qed.
lemma split_rev_eq: ∀A,n,l,acc. n ≤ |l| →
@(ex_intro … (\snd (split A l n))) % /2/
qed.
+(****************************** flatten ******************************)
+definition flatten ≝ λA.foldr (list A) (list A) (append A) [].
+
+lemma flatten_to_mem: ∀A,n,l,l1,l2.∀a:list A. 0 < n →
+ (∀x. mem ? x l → |x| = n) → |a| = n → flatten ? l = l1@a@l2 →
+ (∃q.|l1| = n*q) → mem ? a l.
+#A #n #l elim l
+ [normalize #l1 #l2 #a #posn #Hlen #Ha #Hnil @False_ind
+ cut (|a|=0) [@sym_eq @le_n_O_to_eq
+ @(transitive_le ? (|nil A|)) // >Hnil >length_append >length_append //] /2/
+ |#hd #tl #Hind #l1 #l2 #a #posn #Hlen #Ha
+ whd in match (flatten ??); #Hflat * #q cases q
+ [<times_n_O #Hl1
+ cut (a = hd) [>(lenght_to_nil… Hl1) in Hflat;
+ whd in ⊢ ((???%)→?); #Hflat @sym_eq @(append_l1_injective … Hflat)
+ >Ha >Hlen // %1 //
+ ] /2/
+ |#q1 #Hl1 lapply (split_exists … n l1 ?) //
+ * #l11 * #l12 * #Heql1 #Hlenl11 %2
+ @(Hind l12 l2 … posn ? Ha)
+ [#x #memx @Hlen %2 //
+ |@(append_l2_injective ? hd l11)
+ [>Hlenl11 @Hlen %1 %
+ |>Hflat >Heql1 >associative_append %
+ ]
+ |@(ex_intro …q1) @(injective_plus_r n)
+ <Hlenl11 in ⊢ (??%?); <length_append <Heql1 >Hl1 //
+ ]
+ ]
+ ]
+qed.
+
(****************************** nth ********************************)
let rec nth n (A:Type[0]) (l:list A) (d:A) ≝
match n with
]
] qed.
+let rec Allr (A:Type[0]) (R:relation A) (l:list A) on l : Prop ≝
+match l with
+[ nil ⇒ True
+| cons a1 l ⇒ match l with [ nil ⇒ True | cons a2 _ ⇒ R a1 a2 ∧ Allr A R l ]
+].
+
(**************************** Exists *******************************)
let rec Exists (A:Type[0]) (P:A → Prop) (l:list A) on l : Prop ≝