X-Git-Url: http://matita.cs.unibo.it/gitweb/?a=blobdiff_plain;ds=sidebyside;f=helm%2Fsoftware%2Fmatita%2Flibrary%2Fnat%2Fbertrand.ma;h=17f4c72e0078ded8e054dc4e750e26aa6b876ea5;hb=37f225a76270658463fb28f9d2619efcecabdcd2;hp=20302e876f1ba02bbe81fde6b2f39a45506bad96;hpb=c445ba5534cccde19016c92660ab52777af221c0;p=helm.git

diff --git a/helm/software/matita/library/nat/bertrand.ma b/helm/software/matita/library/nat/bertrand.ma
index 20302e876..17f4c72e0 100644
--- a/helm/software/matita/library/nat/bertrand.ma
+++ b/helm/software/matita/library/nat/bertrand.ma
@@ -15,7 +15,47 @@
 include "nat/sqrt.ma".
 include "nat/chebyshev_teta.ma".
 include "nat/chebyshev.ma".
+include "list/in.ma".
+include "list/sort.ma".
 include "nat/o.ma".
+include "nat/sieve.ma".
+
+let rec list_divides l n \def
+  match l with
+  [ nil ⇒ false
+  | cons (m:nat) (tl:list nat) ⇒ orb (divides_b m n) (list_divides tl n) ].
+
+definition lprim : nat \to list nat \def
+  \lambda n.let rec aux m acc \def
+     match m with 
+     [ O => acc
+     | S m1 => match (list_divides acc (n-m1)) with
+       [ true => aux m1 acc
+       | false => aux m1 (n-m1::acc)]]
+  in aux (pred n) [].
+  
+let rec checker l \def
+    match l with
+      [ nil => true
+      | cons h1 t1 => match t1 with
+         [ nil => true
+         | cons h2 t2 => (andb (checker t1) (leb h1 (2*h2))) ]].
+
+lemma checker_cons : \forall t,l.checker (t::l) = true \to checker l = true.
+intros 2;simplify;intro;elim l in H ⊢ %
+  [reflexivity
+  |change in H1 with (andb (checker (a::l1)) (leb t (a+(a+O))) = true);
+   apply (andb_true_true ? ? H1)]
+qed.
+
+theorem checker_sound : \forall l1,l2,l,x,y.l = l1@(x::y::l2) \to 
+                        checker l = true \to x \leq 2*y.
+intro;elim l1 0
+  [simplify;intros 5;rewrite > H;simplify;intro;
+   apply leb_true_to_le;apply (andb_true_true_r ? ? H1);
+  |simplify;intros;rewrite > H1 in H2;lapply (checker_cons ? ? H2);
+   apply (H l2 ? ? ? ? Hletin);reflexivity]
+qed.
 
 definition bertrand \def \lambda n.
 \exists p.n < p \land p \le 2*n \land (prime p).
@@ -23,6 +63,277 @@ definition bertrand \def \lambda n.
 definition not_bertrand \def \lambda n.
 \forall p.n < p \to p \le 2*n \to \not (prime p).
 
+(*
+lemma list_of_primes_SO: \forall l.list_of_primes 1 l \to
+l = [].
+intro.cases l;intros
+  [reflexivity
+  |apply False_ind.unfold in H.
+   absurd ((prime n) \land n \le 1)
+    [apply H.
+     apply in_list_head
+    |intro.elim H1.
+     elim H2.
+     apply (lt_to_not_le ? ? H4 H3)
+    ]
+  ]
+qed.
+*)
+
+lemma min_prim : \forall n.\exists p. n < p \land prime p \land
+                 \forall q.prime q \to q < p \to q \leq n.
+intro;elim (le_to_or_lt_eq ? ? (le_O_n n))
+   [apply (ex_intro ? ? (min_aux (S (n!)) (S n) primeb));
+    split
+      [split
+         [apply le_min_aux;
+         |apply primeb_true_to_prime;apply f_min_aux_true;elim (ex_prime n);
+            [apply (ex_intro ? ? a);elim H1;elim H2;split
+               [split
+                  [assumption
+                  |rewrite > plus_n_O;apply le_plus
+                     [assumption
+                     |apply le_O_n]]
+               |apply prime_to_primeb_true;assumption]
+            |assumption]]
+      |intros;apply not_lt_to_le;intro;lapply (lt_min_aux_to_false ? ? ? ? H3 H2);
+       rewrite > (prime_to_primeb_true ? H1) in Hletin;destruct Hletin]
+   |apply (ex_intro ? ? 2);split
+      [split
+         [rewrite < H;apply lt_O_S
+         |apply primeb_true_to_prime;reflexivity]
+      |intros;elim (lt_to_not_le ? ? H2);apply prime_to_lt_SO;assumption]]
+qed.
+
+theorem list_of_primes_to_bertrand: \forall n,pn,l.0 < n \to prime pn \to n <pn \to
+list_of_primes pn l  \to
+(\forall p. prime p \to p \le pn \to in_list nat p l) \to 
+(\forall p. in_list nat p l \to 2 < p \to
+\exists pp. in_list nat pp l \land pp < p \land p \le 2*pp) \to bertrand n.
+intros.
+elim (min_prim n).
+apply (ex_intro ? ? a).
+elim H6.clear H6.elim H7.clear H7.
+split
+  [split
+    [assumption
+    |elim (le_to_or_lt_eq ? ? (prime_to_lt_SO ? H9))
+      [elim (H5 a)
+        [elim H10.clear H10.elim H11.clear H11.
+         apply (trans_le ? ? ? H12).
+         apply le_times_r.
+         apply H8
+          [unfold in H3.
+           elim (H3 a1 H10).
+           assumption
+          |assumption
+          ]
+        |apply H4
+          [assumption
+          |apply not_lt_to_le.intro. 
+           apply (lt_to_not_le ? ? H2).
+           apply H8;assumption
+          ]
+        |assumption
+        ]
+      |rewrite < H7.
+       apply O_lt_const_to_le_times_const.
+       assumption
+      ]
+    ]
+  |assumption
+  ]
+qed.
+
+let rec check_list l \def
+  match l with
+  [ nil \Rightarrow true
+  | cons (hd:nat) tl \Rightarrow
+    match tl with
+     [ nil \Rightarrow eqb hd 2
+     | cons hd1 tl1 \Rightarrow 
+      (leb (S hd1) hd \land leb hd (2*hd1) \land check_list tl)
+    ]
+  ]
+.
+
+lemma check_list1: \forall n,m,l.(check_list (n::m::l)) = true \to 
+m < n \land n \le 2*m \land (check_list (m::l)) = true \land ((check_list l) = true).
+intros 3.
+change in ⊢ (? ? % ?→?) with (leb (S m) n \land leb n (2*m) \land check_list (m::l)).
+intro.
+lapply (andb_true_true ? ? H) as H1.
+lapply (andb_true_true_r ? ? H) as H2.clear H.
+lapply (andb_true_true ? ? H1) as H3.
+lapply (andb_true_true_r ? ? H1) as H4.clear H1.
+split
+  [split
+    [split
+      [apply leb_true_to_le.assumption
+      |apply leb_true_to_le.assumption
+      ]
+    |assumption
+    ]
+  |generalize in match H2.
+   cases l
+    [intro.reflexivity
+    |change in ⊢ (? ? % ?→?) with (leb (S n1) m \land leb m (2*n1) \land check_list (n1::l1)).
+     intro.
+     lapply (andb_true_true_r ? ? H) as H2.
+     assumption
+    ]
+  ]
+qed.
+    
+theorem check_list2: \forall l. check_list l = true \to
+\forall p. in_list nat p l \to 2 < p \to
+\exists pp. in_list nat pp l \land pp < p \land p \le 2*pp.
+intro.elim l 2
+  [intros.apply False_ind.apply (not_in_list_nil ? ? H1)
+  |cases l1;intros
+    [lapply (in_list_singleton_to_eq ? ? ? H2) as H4.
+     apply False_ind.
+     apply (lt_to_not_eq ? ? H3).
+     apply sym_eq.apply eqb_true_to_eq.
+     rewrite > H4.apply H1
+    |elim (check_list1 ? ? ? H1).clear H1.
+     elim H4.clear H4.
+     elim H1.clear H1.
+     elim (in_list_cons_case ? ? ? ? H2)
+      [apply (ex_intro ? ? n).
+       split
+        [split
+          [apply in_list_cons.apply in_list_head
+          |rewrite > H1.assumption
+          ]
+        |rewrite > H1.assumption
+        ]
+      |elim (H H6 p H1 H3).clear H.
+       apply (ex_intro ? ? a1). 
+       elim H8.clear H8.
+       elim H.clear H.
+       split
+        [split
+          [apply in_list_cons.assumption
+          |assumption
+          ]
+        |assumption
+        ]
+      ]
+    ]
+  ]
+qed.
+
+(* qualcosa che non va con gli S *)
+lemma le_to_bertrand : \forall n.O < n \to n \leq exp 2 8 \to bertrand n.
+intros.
+apply (list_of_primes_to_bertrand ? (S(exp 2 8)) (sieve (S(exp 2 8))))
+  [assumption
+  |apply primeb_true_to_prime.reflexivity
+  |apply (le_to_lt_to_lt ? ? ? H1).
+   apply le_n
+  |lapply (sieve_sound1 (S(exp 2 8))) as H
+    [elim H.assumption
+    |apply leb_true_to_le.reflexivity
+    ]
+  |intros.apply (sieve_sound2 ? ? H3 H2)
+  |apply check_list2.
+   reflexivity
+  ]
+qed.
+
+(*lemma pippo : \forall k,n.in_list ? (nth_prime (S k)) (sieve n) \to
+              \exists l.sieve n = l@((nth_prime (S k))::(sieve (nth_prime k))).
+intros;elim H;elim H1;clear H H1;apply (ex_intro ? ? a);
+cut (a1 = sieve (nth_prime k))
+  [rewrite < Hcut;assumption
+  |lapply (sieve_sorted n);generalize in match H2*) 
+
+(* old proof by Wilmer 
+lemma le_to_bertrand : \forall n.O < n \to n \leq exp 2 8 \to bertrand n.
+intros;
+elim (min_prim n);apply (ex_intro ? ? a);elim H2;elim H3;clear H2 H3;
+cut (a \leq 257)
+  [|apply not_lt_to_le;intro;apply (le_to_not_lt ? ? H1);apply (H4 ? ? H2);
+    apply primeb_true_to_prime;reflexivity]
+split
+   [split
+      [assumption
+      |elim (prime_to_nth_prime a H6);generalize in match H2;cases a1
+         [simplify;intro;rewrite < H3;rewrite < plus_n_O;
+          change in \vdash (? % ?) with (1+1);apply le_plus;assumption
+         |intro;lapply (H4 (nth_prime n1))
+            [apply (trans_le ? (2*(nth_prime n1)))
+               [rewrite < H3;
+                cut (\exists l1,l2.sieve 257 = l1@((nth_prime (S n1))::((nth_prime n1)::l2)))
+                  [elim Hcut1;elim H7;clear Hcut1 H7;
+                   apply (checker_sound a2 a3 (sieve 257))
+                     [apply H8
+                     |reflexivity]
+                  |elim (sieve_sound2 257 (nth_prime (S n1)) ? ?)
+                     [elim (sieve_sound2 257 (nth_prime n1) ? ?)
+                        [elim H8;
+                         cut (\forall p.in_list ? p (a3@(nth_prime n1::a4)) \to prime p)
+                           [|rewrite < H9;intros;apply (in_list_sieve_to_prime 257 p ? H10);
+                            apply leb_true_to_le;reflexivity]
+                         apply (ex_intro ? ? a2);apply (ex_intro ? ? a4);
+                         elim H7;clear H7 H8;
+                         cut ((nth_prime n1)::a4 = a5)
+                           [|generalize in match H10;
+                             lapply (sieve_sorted 257);
+                             generalize in match Hletin1;
+                             rewrite > H9 in ⊢ (? %→? ? % ?→?);
+                             generalize in match Hcut1;
+                             generalize in match a2;
+                             elim a3 0
+                               [intro;elim l
+                                  [change in H11 with (nth_prime n1::a4 = nth_prime (S n1)::a5);
+                                   destruct H11;elim (eq_to_not_lt ? ? Hcut2);
+                                   apply increasing_nth_prime
+                                  |change in H12 with (nth_prime n1::a4 = t::(l1@(nth_prime (S n1)::a5)));
+                                   destruct H12;
+                                   change in H11 with (sorted_gt (nth_prime n1::l1@(nth_prime (S n1)::a5)));
+                                   lapply (sorted_to_minimum ? ? ? H11 (nth_prime (S n1)))
+                                     [unfold in Hletin2;elim (le_to_not_lt ? ? (lt_to_le ? ? Hletin2));
+                                      apply increasing_nth_prime
+                                     |apply (ex_intro ? ? l1);apply (ex_intro ? ? a5);reflexivity]]
+                               |intros 5;elim l1
+                                  [change in H12 with (t::(l@(nth_prime n1::a4)) = nth_prime (S n1)::a5);
+                                   destruct H12;cut (l = [])
+                                     [rewrite > Hcut2;reflexivity
+                                     |change in H11 with (sorted_gt (nth_prime (S n1)::(l@(nth_prime n1::a4))));
+                                      generalize in match H11;generalize in match H8;cases l;intros
+                                        [reflexivity
+                                        |lapply (sorted_cons_to_sorted ? ? ? H13);
+                                         lapply (sorted_to_minimum ? ? ? H13 n2)
+                                           [simplify in Hletin2;lapply (sorted_to_minimum ? ? ? Hletin2 (nth_prime n1))
+                                              [unfold in Hletin3;unfold in Hletin4;
+                                               elim (lt_nth_prime_to_not_prime ? ? Hletin4 Hletin3);
+                                               apply H12;
+                                               apply (ex_intro ? ? [nth_prime (S n1)]);
+                                               apply (ex_intro ? ? (l2@(nth_prime n1::a4)));
+                                               reflexivity
+                                              |apply (ex_intro ? ? l2);apply (ex_intro ? ? a4);reflexivity]
+                                           |simplify;apply in_list_head]]]
+                                  |change in H13 with (t::(l@(nth_prime n1::a4)) = t1::(l2@(nth_prime (S n1)::a5)));
+                                   destruct H13;apply (H7 l2 ? ? Hcut3)
+                                     [intros;apply H8;simplify;apply in_list_cons;
+                                      assumption
+                                     |simplify in H12;
+                                      apply (sorted_cons_to_sorted ? ? ? H12)]]]]
+                         rewrite > Hcut2 in ⊢ (? ? ? (? ? ? (? ? ? %)));
+                         apply H10
+                        |apply (trans_le ? ? ? Hletin);apply lt_to_le;
+                         apply (trans_le ? ? ? H5 Hcut)
+                        |apply prime_nth_prime]
+                     |rewrite > H3;assumption
+                     |apply prime_nth_prime]]
+               |apply le_times_r;assumption]
+            |apply prime_nth_prime
+            |rewrite < H3;apply increasing_nth_prime]]]
+   |assumption]
+qed. *)
+
 lemma not_not_bertrand_to_bertrand1: \forall n.
 \lnot (not_bertrand n) \to \forall x. n \le x \to x \le 2*n \to
 (\forall p.x < p \to p \le 2*n \to \not (prime p))
@@ -736,7 +1047,7 @@ rewrite > log_exp
   ]
 qed.
       
-theorem le_to_bertrand:
+theorem le_to_bertrand2:
 \forall n. (exp 2 8) \le n \to bertrand n.
 intros.
 apply not_not_bertrand_to_bertrand.unfold.intro.
@@ -761,6 +1072,13 @@ absurd (2*n / 3 \le (sqrt(2*n)/2)*S(log 2 (2*n)))
   ]
 qed.
 
+theorem bertrand_n :
+\forall n. O < n \to bertrand n.
+intros;elim (decidable_le n 256)
+  [apply le_to_bertrand;assumption
+  |apply le_to_bertrand2;apply lt_to_le;apply not_le_to_lt;apply H1]
+qed.
+
 (* test 
 theorem mod_exp: eqb (mod (exp 2 8) 13) O = false.
 reflexivity.