2 %%Creator: dvips(k) 5.86 Copyright 1999 Radical Eye Software
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6 %%DocumentFonts: Helvetica-Bold Times-Roman Times-Bold Times-Italic
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74 % author = "S. Rahtz, P. MacKay, Alan Jeffrey, B. Horn, K. Berry",
76 % date = "1 July 1998",
77 % filename = "8r.enc",
78 % email = "tex-fonts@@tug.org",
79 % docstring = "Encoding for TrueType or Type 1 fonts
80 % to be used with TeX."
83 % Idea is to have all the characters normally included in Type 1 fonts
84 % available for typesetting. This is effectively the characters in Adobe
85 % Standard Encoding + ISO Latin 1 + extra characters from Lucida.
87 % Character code assignments were made as follows:
89 % (1) the Windows ANSI characters are almost all in their Windows ANSI
90 % positions, because some Windows users cannot easily reencode the
91 % fonts, and it makes no difference on other systems. The only Windows
92 % ANSI characters not available are those that make no sense for
93 % typesetting -- rubout (127 decimal), nobreakspace (160), softhyphen
94 % (173). quotesingle and grave are moved just because it's such an
95 % irritation not having them in TeX positions.
97 % (2) Remaining characters are assigned arbitrarily to the lower part
98 % of the range, avoiding 0, 10 and 13 in case we meet dumb software.
100 % (3) Y&Y Lucida Bright includes some extra text characters; in the
101 % hopes that other PostScript fonts, perhaps created for public
102 % consumption, will include them, they are included starting at 0x12.
104 % (4) Remaining positions left undefined are for use in (hopefully)
105 % upward-compatible revisions, if someday more characters are generally
108 % (5) hyphen appears twice for compatibility with both
112 % 0x00 (encoded characters from Adobe Standard not in Windows 3.1)
113 /.notdef /dotaccent /fi /fl
114 /fraction /hungarumlaut /Lslash /lslash
115 /ogonek /ring /.notdef
116 /breve /minus /.notdef
117 % These are the only two remaining unencoded characters, so may as
122 % (unusual TeX characters available in, e.g., Lucida Bright)
123 /dotlessj /ff /ffi /ffl
124 /.notdef /.notdef /.notdef /.notdef
125 /.notdef /.notdef /.notdef /.notdef
126 % very contentious; it's so painful not having quoteleft and quoteright
127 % at 96 and 145 that we move the things normally found there to here.
129 % 0x20 (ASCII begins)
130 /space /exclam /quotedbl /numbersign
131 /dollar /percent /ampersand /quoteright
132 /parenleft /parenright /asterisk /plus /comma /hyphen /period /slash
134 /zero /one /two /three /four /five /six /seven
135 /eight /nine /colon /semicolon /less /equal /greater /question
137 /at /A /B /C /D /E /F /G /H /I /J /K /L /M /N /O
139 /P /Q /R /S /T /U /V /W
140 /X /Y /Z /bracketleft /backslash /bracketright /asciicircum /underscore
142 /quoteleft /a /b /c /d /e /f /g /h /i /j /k /l /m /n /o
144 /p /q /r /s /t /u /v /w
145 /x /y /z /braceleft /bar /braceright /asciitilde
146 /.notdef % rubout; ASCII ends
148 /.notdef /.notdef /quotesinglbase /florin
149 /quotedblbase /ellipsis /dagger /daggerdbl
150 /circumflex /perthousand /Scaron /guilsinglleft
151 /OE /.notdef /.notdef /.notdef
153 /.notdef /.notdef /.notdef /quotedblleft
154 /quotedblright /bullet /endash /emdash
155 /tilde /trademark /scaron /guilsinglright
156 /oe /.notdef /.notdef /Ydieresis
158 /.notdef % nobreakspace
159 /exclamdown /cent /sterling
160 /currency /yen /brokenbar /section
161 /dieresis /copyright /ordfeminine /guillemotleft
163 /hyphen % Y&Y (also at 45); Windows' softhyphen
167 /degree /plusminus /twosuperior /threesuperior
168 /acute /mu /paragraph /periodcentered
169 /cedilla /onesuperior /ordmasculine /guillemotright
170 /onequarter /onehalf /threequarters /questiondown
172 /Agrave /Aacute /Acircumflex /Atilde /Adieresis /Aring /AE /Ccedilla
173 /Egrave /Eacute /Ecircumflex /Edieresis
174 /Igrave /Iacute /Icircumflex /Idieresis
176 /Eth /Ntilde /Ograve /Oacute
177 /Ocircumflex /Otilde /Odieresis /multiply
178 /Oslash /Ugrave /Uacute /Ucircumflex
179 /Udieresis /Yacute /Thorn /germandbls
181 /agrave /aacute /acircumflex /atilde
182 /adieresis /aring /ae /ccedilla
183 /egrave /eacute /ecircumflex /edieresis
184 /igrave /iacute /icircumflex /idieresis
186 /eth /ntilde /ograve /oacute
187 /ocircumflex /otilde /odieresis /divide
188 /oslash /ugrave /uacute /ucircumflex
189 /udieresis /yacute /thorn /ydieresis
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195 TeXDict begin/rf{findfont dup length 1 add dict begin{1 index/FID ne 2
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205 if}forall Encoding{]exch pop}{cleartomark}ifelse}if/Encoding exch def}
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211 TeXDict begin/SDict 200 dict N SDict begin/@SpecialDefaults{/hs 612 N
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269 TeXDict begin/setcmykcolor where{pop}{/setcmykcolor{dup 10 eq{pop
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1290 Black Black -1 w(.)p Black 4 w(36)994 3642 y(2.4.8.)e(Classes)i
1291 Fq(section)p Fv(,)f Fq(sect1)p Fv(,)f Fq(sect2)p Fv(,)h(and)g
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1310 Fv(,)g Fq(li)p Black 16 w Fv(.)p Black Black(.)p Black
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1419 Black(.)p Black Black(.)p Black Black -1 w(.)p Black
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1424 Black Black(.)p Black Black(.)p Black Black(.)p Black
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1472 y(2.4.14.)c(The)i(speci\002cation)f(of)h(the)g(document)f(model)p
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1521 4 w(46)795 4505 y(3.1.)e(The)h Fq(document)f Fv(class)p
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1931 Black 12 w(.)p Black Black(.)p Black Black -1 w(.)p Black
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1988 Black(.)p Black Black(.)p Black Black(.)p Black Black(.)p
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1993 Black(.)p Black Black(.)p Black Black(.)p Black Black
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1995 Black Black -1 w(.)p Black Black(.)p Black Black(.)p
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1998 Black Black(.)p Black Black(.)p Black Black(.)p Black
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2001 Black(.)p Black Black(.)p Black Black(.)p Black Black
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2003 Black Black -1 w(.)p Black Black(.)p Black Black(.)p
2004 Black Black(.)p Black Black -1 w(.)p Black Black(.)p
2005 Black Black(.)p Black Black(.)p Black Black -1 w(.)p
2006 Black Black(.)p Black Black(.)p Black Black(.)p Black
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2010 Black(.)p Black Black(.)p Black Black(.)p Black Black
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2013 Black Black(.)p Black Black(.)p Black Black -1 w(.)p
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2476 5 4 bop Black Black -2 621 a Fs(List)48 b(of)g(Figures)396
2477 815 y Fv(3-1.)19 b(A)i(tree)f(with)h(element)e(nodes,)h(data)g(nodes,)f
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2502 (ed)g(trees)p Black 15 w(.)p Black Black(.)p Black Black(.)p
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2793 1166 y(interpretation)f(of)i(system)h(identi\002ers.)396
2794 1315 y(The)f(w)o(ord)g(immediately)f(follo)n(wing)f Fq(DOCTYPE)i
2795 Fv(determines)f(which)g(of)h(the)g(declared)f(element)h(types)g(\(here)
2796 396 1423 y("document",)e("section",)h(and)h("paragraph"\))d(is)k(used)f
2797 (for)g(the)g(outermost)f(element,)g(the)h Fr(r)l(oot)h(element)q
2798 Fv(.)f(In)g(this)396 1531 y(e)o(xample)f(it)i(is)g Fq(document)f
2799 Fv(because)f(the)h(outermost)f(element)h(is)h(delimited)e(by)h
2800 Fo(<)p Fq(document)p Fo(>)f Fv(and)396 1639 y Fo(<)p
2801 Fq(/document)p Fo(>)p Fv(.)396 1789 y(The)h(DTD)g(consists)h(of)f
2802 (three)g(declarations)f(for)g(element)h(types:)g Fq(document)p
2803 Fv(,)f Fq(section)p Fv(,)g(and)h Fq(paragraph)p Fv(.)f(Such)396
2804 1896 y(a)i(declaration)d(has)j(tw)o(o)f(parts:)396 2077
2805 y Fo(<)p Fq(!ELEMENT)43 b Fn(name)i(content-model)p Fo(>)396
2806 2268 y Fv(The)20 b(content)f(model)h(is)h(a)f(re)o(gular)f(e)o
2807 (xpression)g(which)g(describes)h(the)g(possible)g(inner)f(structure)h
2808 (of)g(the)g(element.)396 2376 y(Here,)g Fq(document)f
2809 Fv(contains)h(one)g(or)g(more)f(sections,)h(and)g(a)g
2810 Fq(section)g Fv(contains)f(one)h(or)g(more)f(paragraphs.)f(Note)396
2811 2483 y(that)j(these)f(tw)o(o)g(element)g(types)g(are)g(not)g(allo)n
2812 (wed)f(to)i(contain)e(arbitrary)g(te)o(xt.)g(Only)h(the)g
2813 Fq(paragraph)g Fv(element)f(type)396 2591 y(is)i(declared)e(such)h
2814 (that)h(parsed)e(character)g(data)h(\(indicated)f(by)h(the)g(symbol)f
2815 Fq(#PCDATA)p Fv(\))g(is)i(permitted.)396 2741 y(See)g(belo)n(w)e(for)h
2816 (a)h(detailed)e(discussion)h(of)g(content)f(models.)-2
2817 3110 y Fp(1.1.2.)35 b(XML)e(par)n(ser)n(s)h(and)g(pr)n(ocessor)n(s)396
2818 3278 y Fv(XML)20 b(documents)f(are)h(human-readable,)c(b)n(ut)21
2819 b(this)f(is)h(not)f(the)h(main)e(purpose)g(of)h(this)h(language.)d(XML)
2820 i(has)g(been)396 3386 y(designed)f(such)h(that)g(documents)f(can)h(be)g
2821 (read)g(by)f(a)i(program)d(called)i(an)g Fr(XML)h(par)o(ser)r
2822 Fv(.)f(The)g(parser)g(checks)f(that)396 3494 y(the)h(document)f(is)i
2823 (well-formatted,)d(and)h(it)i(represents)f(the)g(document)e(as)j
2824 (objects)f(of)g(the)g(programming)d(language.)396 3602
2825 y(There)j(are)g(tw)o(o)g(aspects)h(when)e(checking)g(the)h(document:)e
2826 (First,)j(the)f(document)e(must)j(follo)n(w)e(some)h(basic)396
2827 3710 y(syntactic)g(rules,)g(such)g(as)h(that)f(tags)h(are)f(written)g
2828 (in)g(angle)g(brack)o(ets,)f(that)h(for)g(e)n(v)o(ery)f(start)h(tag)h
2829 (there)e(must)i(be)f(a)396 3818 y(corresponding)d(end)j(tag)g(and)f(so)
2830 i(on.)f(A)g(document)e(respecting)h(these)i(rules)f(is)h
2831 Fr(well-formed)r Fv(.)f(Second,)f(the)396 3926 y(document)f(must)j
2832 (match)e(the)i(DTD)f(in)g(which)g(case)h(the)f(document)e(is)j
2833 Fr(valid)r Fv(.)f(Man)o(y)f(parsers)h(check)f(only)h(on)396
2834 4034 y(well-formedness)e(and)i(ignore)f(the)h(DTD;)h(PXP)g(is)g
2835 (designed)e(such)g(that)i(it)g(can)f(e)n(v)o(en)f(v)n(alidate)g(the)i
2836 (document.)396 4183 y(A)g(parser)f(does)f(not)h(mak)o(e)g(a)h(sensible)
2837 f(application,)e(it)j(only)f(reads)g(XML)g(documents.)e(The)i(whole)g
2838 (application)396 4291 y(w)o(orking)f(with)h(XML-formatted)e(data)i(is)h
2839 (called)f(an)g Fr(XML)h(pr)l(ocessor)r Fv(.)f(Often)g(XML)g(processors)
2840 f(con)m(v)o(ert)396 4399 y(documents)g(into)h(another)e(format,)h(such)
2841 h(as)h(HTML)f(or)g(Postscript.)g(Sometimes)g(processors)f(e)o(xtract)g
2842 (data)h(of)g(the)396 4507 y(documents)f(and)g(output)g(the)i(processed)
2843 e(data)h(again)f(XML-formatted.)e(The)j(parser)g(can)g(help)f(the)i
2844 (application)396 4615 y(processing)e(the)h(document;)f(for)g(e)o
2845 (xample)g(it)i(can)f(pro)o(vide)e(means)i(to)g(access)h(the)f(document)
2846 e(in)j(a)f(speci\002c)h(manner)-5 b(.)396 4723 y(PXP)21
2847 b(supports)e(an)i(object-oriented)c(access)k(layer)e(specially)-5
2848 b(.)p Black 3842 5278 a Fr(9)p Black eop
2850 10 9 bop Black 3028 67 a Fr(Chapter)19 b(1.)h(What)h(is)g(XML?)p
2851 Black -2 583 a Fp(1.1.3.)35 b(Discussion)396 751 y Fv(As)21
2852 b(we)g(ha)n(v)o(e)e(seen,)h(there)g(are)g(tw)o(o)h(le)n(v)o(els)f(of)g
2853 (description:)f(On)h(the)g(one)g(hand,)f(XML)h(can)g(de\002ne)f(rules)i
2854 (about)e(the)396 859 y(format)g(of)h(a)h(document)d(\(the)i(DTD\),)g
2855 (on)f(the)i(other)e(hand,)g(XML)h(e)o(xpresses)g(structured)f
2856 (documents.)f(There)h(are)h(a)396 967 y(number)f(of)h(possible)f
2857 (applications:)p Black 396 1199 a Ft(\225)p Black 60
2858 w Fv(XML)i(can)f(be)g(used)g(to)g(e)o(xpress)f(structured)g(te)o(xts.)h
2859 (Unlik)o(e)g(HTML,)g(there)g(is)h(no)e(canonical)g(interpretation;)g
2860 (one)479 1307 y(w)o(ould)h(ha)n(v)o(e)f(to)i(write)f(a)h(back)o(end)d
2861 (for)i(the)g(DTD)g(that)h(translates)f(the)g(structured)f(te)o(xts)h
2862 (into)g(a)h(format)e(that)479 1415 y(e)o(xisting)h(bro)n(wsers,)f
2863 (printers)g(etc.)i(understand.)c(The)j(adv)n(antage)e(of)i(a)h
2864 (self-de\002ned)e(document)f(format)h(is)i(that)f(it)479
2865 1523 y(is)h(possible)f(to)h(design)e(the)h(format)f(in)i(a)f(more)g
2866 (problem-oriented)c(w)o(ay)-5 b(.)20 b(F)o(or)f(e)o(xample,)g(if)h(the)
2867 h(task)f(is)h(to)g(e)o(xtract)479 1631 y(reports)f(from)f(a)h
2868 (database,)g(one)f(can)h(use)h(a)f(DTD)h(that)f(re\003ects)h(the)f
2869 (structure)f(of)h(the)g(report)f(or)h(the)g(database.)g(A)479
2870 1739 y(possible)g(approach)e(w)o(ould)i(be)g(to)g(ha)n(v)o(e)g(an)g
2871 (element)f(type)h(for)g(e)n(v)o(ery)f(database)g(table)h(and)g(for)g(e)
2872 n(v)o(ery)e(column.)479 1847 y(Once)i(the)g(DTD)h(has)f(been)g
2873 (designed,)e(the)j(report)e(procedure)e(can)j(be)g(splitted)h(up)e(in)i
2874 (a)f(part)g(that)h(selects)g(the)479 1955 y(database)f(ro)n(ws)g(and)g
2875 (outputs)f(them)h(as)h(an)f(XML)g(document)e(according)g(to)j(the)f
2876 (DTD,)g(and)g(in)g(a)g(part)g(that)479 2063 y(translates)h(the)f
2877 (document)e(into)i(other)f(formats.)g(Of)i(course,)e(the)h(latter)h
2878 (part)e(can)h(be)h(solv)o(ed)e(in)h(a)h(generic)e(w)o(ay)-5
2879 b(,)479 2170 y(e.g.)20 b(there)g(may)f(be)h(con\002gurable)e(back)o
2880 (ends)h(for)h(all)g(DTDs)h(that)f(follo)n(w)g(the)g(approach)e(and)i
2881 (ha)n(v)o(e)f(element)h(types)479 2278 y(for)g(tables)g(and)g(columns.)
2882 479 2428 y(XML)h(plays)f(the)g(role)g(of)g(a)g(con\002gurable)e
2883 (intermediate)h(format.)g(The)g(database)h(e)o(xtraction)e(function)h
2884 (can)h(be)479 2536 y(written)g(without)g(ha)n(ving)f(to)h(kno)n(w)f
2885 (the)h(details)h(of)f(typesetting;)f(the)h(back)o(ends)f(can)h(be)g
2886 (written)g(without)g(ha)n(ving)479 2644 y(to)h(kno)n(w)e(the)h(details)
2887 h(of)e(the)i(database.)479 2793 y(Of)g(course,)e(there)h(are)g
2888 (traditional)f(solutions.)g(One)h(can)g(de\002ne)g(an)g(ad)g(hoc)g
2889 (intermediate)e(te)o(xt)j(\002le)f(format.)f(This)479
2890 2901 y(disadv)n(antage)f(is)k(that)e(there)g(are)g(no)f(names)h(for)g
2891 (the)g(pieces)g(of)g(the)g(format,)f(and)h(that)g(such)g(formats)g
2892 (usually)f(lack)479 3009 y(of)h(documentation)d(because)j(of)g(this.)g
2893 (Another)f(solution)g(w)o(ould)h(be)g(to)g(ha)n(v)o(e)g(a)h(binary)e
2894 (representation,)e(either)j(as)479 3117 y(language-dependent)c(or)k
2895 (language-independent)14 b(structure)20 b(\(e)o(xample)e(of)i(the)g
2896 (latter)h(can)f(be)g(found)e(in)j(RPC)479 3225 y(implementations\).)d
2897 (The)i(disadv)n(antage)e(is)j(that)f(it)h(is)g(harder)e(to)i(vie)n(w)f
2898 (such)g(representations,)e(one)h(has)i(to)f(write)479
2899 3333 y(pretty)g(printers)f(for)h(this)g(purpose.)f(It)h(is)h(also)g
2900 (more)e(dif)n(\002cult)h(to)g(enter)g(test)h(data;)f(XML)g(is)h(plain)f
2901 (te)o(xt)g(that)h(can)f(be)479 3441 y(written)g(using)g(an)g(arbitrary)
2902 f(editor)g(\(Emacs)h(has)g(e)n(v)o(en)f(a)i(good)e(XML)h(mode,)f
2903 (PSGML\).)h(All)h(these)f(alternati)n(v)o(es)479 3549
2904 y(suf)n(fer)g(from)f(a)h(missing)g(structure)g(check)o(er)m(,)e(i.e.)i
2905 (the)h(programs)d(processing)h(these)h(formats)f(usually)h(do)g(not)479
2906 3657 y(check)g(the)g(input)f(\002le)i(or)f(input)g(object)f(in)i
2907 (detail;)f(XML)g(parsers)g(check)f(the)h(syntax)g(of)g(the)g(input)g
2908 (\(the)f(so-called)479 3765 y(well-formedness)f(check\),)h(and)h(the)g
2909 (adv)n(anced)e(parsers)i(lik)o(e)g(PXP)h(e)n(v)o(en)f(v)o(erify)e(that)
2910 j(the)f(structure)f(matches)h(the)479 3872 y(DTD)h(\(the)f(so-called)f
2911 (v)n(alidation\).)p Black 396 4022 a Ft(\225)p Black
2912 60 w Fv(XML)i(can)f(be)g(used)g(as)g(con\002gurable)e(communication)g
2913 (language.)g(A)i(fundamental)e(problem)h(of)h(e)n(v)o(ery)479
2914 4130 y(communication)e(is)j(that)f(sender)f(and)h(recei)n(v)o(er)f
2915 (must)h(follo)n(w)g(the)g(same)g(con)m(v)o(entions)e(about)h(the)h
2916 (language.)e(F)o(or)479 4238 y(data)i(e)o(xchange,)e(the)i(question)f
2917 (is)j(usually)d(which)h(data)g(records)f(and)h(\002elds)g(are)g(a)n(v)n
2918 (ailable,)g(ho)n(w)g(the)o(y)f(are)479 4346 y(syntactically)h
2919 (composed,)e(and)i(which)f(v)n(alues)h(are)g(possible)g(for)g(the)g(v)n
2920 (arious)f(\002elds.)h(Similar)h(questions)e(arise)479
2921 4454 y(for)h(te)o(xt)g(document)e(e)o(xchange.)g(XML)i(does)g(not)g
2922 (answer)g(these)g(problems)f(completely)-5 b(,)18 b(b)n(ut)i(it)h
2923 (reduces)e(the)479 4562 y(number)g(of)h(ambiguities)f(for)g(such)h(con)
2924 m(v)o(entions:)e(The)i(outlines)f(of)h(the)g(syntax)g(are)g
2925 (speci\002ed)g(by)g(the)g(DTD)g(\(b)n(ut)479 4669 y(not)g(necessarily)g
2926 (the)g(details\),)g(and)g(XML)g(introduces)e(canonical)h(names)h(for)g
2927 (the)g(components)e(of)i(documents)479 4777 y(such)g(that)h(it)f(is)i
2928 (simpler)d(to)i(describe)e(the)h(rest)h(of)f(the)g(syntax)g(and)f(the)h
2929 (semantics)h(informally)-5 b(.)p Black 3800 5278 a Fr(10)p
2932 11 10 bop Black 3028 67 a Fr(Chapter)19 b(1.)h(What)h(is)g(XML?)p
2933 Black Black 396 579 a Ft(\225)p Black 60 w Fv(XML)f(is)g(a)g(data)f
2934 (storage)g(format.)f(Currently)-5 b(,)17 b(e)n(v)o(ery)h(softw)o(are)h
2935 (product)f(tends)h(to)h(use)f(its)i(o)n(wn)d(w)o(ay)i(to)f(store)h
2936 (data;)479 687 y(commercial)f(softw)o(are)h(often)f(does)h(not)g
2937 (describe)f(such)h(formats,)f(and)h(it)h(is)g(a)g(pain)e(to)i(inte)o
2938 (grate)e(such)h(softw)o(are)479 795 y(into)g(a)g(bigger)f(project.)f
2939 (XML)i(can)g(help)f(to)h(impro)o(v)o(e)e(this)j(situation)e(when)g(se)n
2940 (v)o(eral)g(applications)g(share)h(the)g(same)479 903
2941 y(syntax)g(of)g(data)g(\002les.)h(DTDs)f(are)g(then)g(neutral)g
2942 (instances)g(that)g(check)f(the)h(format)g(of)f(data)i(\002les)g
2943 (independent)c(of)479 1011 y(applications.)-2 1512 y
2944 Fx(1.2.)39 b(Highlights)e(of)i(XML)396 1692 y Fv(This)21
2945 b(section)f(e)o(xplains)f(man)o(y)g(of)h(the)g(features)f(of)h(XML,)g
2946 (b)n(ut)h(not)e(all,)i(and)f(some)g(features)f(not)h(in)g(detail.)g(F)o
2947 (or)g(a)396 1800 y(complete)f(description,)g(see)i(the)f(XML)g
2948 (speci\002cation)396 1908 y(\(http://www)-5 b(.w3.or)o
2949 (g/TR/1998/REC-xml-)o(19)o(98)o(02)o(10)o(.htm)o(l\).)-2
2950 2236 y Fp(1.2.1.)35 b(The)f(DTD)g(and)g(the)f(instance)396
2951 2404 y Fv(The)20 b(DTD)g(contains)g(v)n(arious)f(declarations;)g(in)h
2952 (general)f(you)h(can)g(only)f(use)i(a)f(feature)f(if)i(you)e(ha)n(v)o
2953 (e)h(pre)n(viously)396 2512 y(declared)f(it.)i(The)f(document)e
2954 (instance)i(\002le)h(may)e(contain)g(the)i(full)f(DTD,)g(b)n(ut)g(it)h
2955 (is)g(also)g(possible)f(to)g(split)h(the)f(DTD)396 2619
2956 y(into)g(an)g(internal)g(and)f(an)h(e)o(xternal)f(subset.)h(A)h
2957 (document)d(must)j(be)o(gin)e(as)h(follo)n(ws)g(if)h(the)f(full)g(DTD)g
2958 (is)h(included:)396 2800 y Fo(<)p Fq(?xml)44 b(version="1.0")f
2959 (encoding=")p Fn(Your)f(encoding)t Fq("?)p Fo(>)396 2897
2960 y(<)p Fq(!DOCTYPE)h Fn(root)i Fq([)486 2994 y Fn(Declarations)396
2961 3091 y Fq(])p Fo(>)396 3282 y Fv(These)20 b(declarations)f(are)h
2962 (called)g(the)h Fr(internal)e(subset)q Fv(.)i(Note)f(that)g(the)g
2963 (usage)g(of)g(entities)h(and)e(conditional)g(sections)396
2964 3390 y(is)i(restricted)f(within)g(the)g(internal)g(subset.)396
2965 3539 y(If)g(the)h(declarations)d(are)j(located)e(in)h(a)h(dif)n(ferent)
2966 e(\002le,)h(you)f(can)h(refer)g(to)g(this)h(\002le)g(as)g(follo)n(ws:)
2967 396 3720 y Fo(<)p Fq(?xml)44 b(version="1.0")f(encoding=")p
2968 Fn(Your)f(encoding)t Fq("?)p Fo(>)396 3817 y(<)p Fq(!DOCTYPE)h
2969 Fn(root)i Fq(SYSTEM)e(")p Fn(file)h(name)p Fq(")p Fo(>)396
2970 4008 y Fv(The)20 b(declarations)f(in)h(the)h(\002le)f(are)h(called)f
2971 (the)g Fr(e)n(xternal)g(subset)q Fv(.)g(The)g(\002le)h(name)f(is)h
2972 (called)f(the)g Fr(system)h(identi\002er)r Fv(.)e(It)396
2973 4116 y(is)i(also)g(possible)f(to)g(refer)g(to)g(the)g(\002le)h(by)f(a)g
2974 (so-called)g Fr(public)f(identi\002er)r Fv(,)g(b)n(ut)i(most)f(XML)g
2975 (applications)f(w)o(on')o(t)g(use)396 4223 y(this)i(feature.)396
2976 4373 y(Y)-9 b(ou)20 b(can)g(also)g(specify)g(both)f(internal)h(and)f(e)
2977 o(xternal)g(subsets.)i(In)e(this)i(case,)g(the)f(declarations)f(of)h
2978 (both)f(subsets)i(are)396 4481 y(mix)o(ed,)e(and)h(if)g(there)g(are)g
2979 (con\003icts,)g(the)g(declaration)f(of)h(the)g(internal)f(subset)i(o)o
2980 (v)o(errides)d(those)i(of)g(the)g(e)o(xternal)396 4589
2981 y(subset)h(with)f(the)g(same)h(name.)e(This)h(looks)g(as)h(follo)n(ws:)
2982 396 4769 y Fo(<)p Fq(?xml)44 b(version="1.0")f(encoding=")p
2983 Fn(Your)f(encoding)t Fq("?)p Fo(>)396 4866 y(<)p Fq(!DOCTYPE)h
2984 Fn(root)89 b Fq(SYSTEM)44 b(")p Fn(file)g(name)p Fq(")g([)p
2985 Black 3800 5278 a Fr(11)p Black eop
2987 12 11 bop Black 3028 67 a Fr(Chapter)19 b(1.)h(What)h(is)g(XML?)p
2988 Black 486 579 a Fn(Declarations)396 676 y Fq(])p Fo(>)396
2989 909 y Fv(The)f(XML)g(declaration)f(\(the)h(string)g(be)o(ginning)d
2990 (with)k Fo(<)p Fq(?xml)e Fv(and)h(ending)f(at)i Fq(?)p
2991 Fo(>)p Fv(\))f(should)f(specify)g(the)h(encoding)396
2992 1016 y(of)g(the)g(\002le.)h(Common)e(v)n(alues)h(are)g(UTF-8,)f(and)h
2993 (the)g(ISO-8859)e(series)j(of)f(character)f(sets.)i(Note)f(that)g(e)n
2994 (v)o(ery)f(\002le)396 1124 y(parsed)h(by)f(the)i(XML)f(processor)f(can)
2995 h(be)o(gin)f(with)h(an)g(XML)h(declaration)d(and)i(that)g(e)n(v)o(ery)f
2996 (\002le)i(may)e(ha)n(v)o(e)h(its)h(o)n(wn)396 1232 y(encoding.)396
2997 1382 y(The)f(name)g(of)g(the)g(root)f(element)h(must)g(be)g(mentioned)f
2998 (directly)g(after)h(the)g Fq(DOCTYPE)g Fv(string.)f(This)i(means)e
2999 (that)i(a)396 1490 y(full)f(document)f(instance)g(looks)h(lik)o(e)396
3000 1670 y Fo(<)p Fq(?xml)44 b(version="1.0")f(encoding=")p
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3002 Fn(root)89 b Fq(SYSTEM)44 b(")p Fn(file)g(name)p Fq(")g([)486
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3029 13 12 bop Black 3028 67 a Fr(Chapter)19 b(1.)h(What)h(is)g(XML?)p
3030 Black 396 579 a Fv(In)f(the)g(scope)g(of)g(declarations,)f(the)h
3031 (character)f(\045)i(is)g(no)f(longer)f(free.)g(T)-7 b(o)20
3032 b(include)g(it)h(as)f(character)m(,)f(you)g(must)h(use)396
3033 687 y(the)g(notations)g Fq(%)g Fv(or)f Fq(%)p
3034 Fv(.)396 836 y(Note)h(that)h(besides)f(<,)g(>,)g(&,)f
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3042 1589 y Fv(Elements)20 b(structure)f(the)h(document)f(instance)g(in)i(a)
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3049 (is)i(indicated)396 1913 y(by)f(a)h Fr(start)g(ta)o(g)p
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3051 2284 y Fv(and)h(the)g(element)g(continues)f(until)h(the)g
3052 (corresponding)d Fr(end)i(ta)o(g)h Fv(is)h(reached:)396
3053 2465 y Fo(<)p Fq(/)p Fn(element-type)p Fo(>)396 2655
3054 y Fv(In)f(XML,)f(it)i(is)f(not)g(allo)n(wed)f(to)h(omit)f(start)i(or)e
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3059 2913 y(Ev)o(ery)f(element)h(type)f(must)i(be)f(declared)f(before)f(it)j
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3062 (content)f(model,)f(i.e.)i(which)f(inner)g(elements)g(are)h(allo)n
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3064 b(describes)h(the)g(attrib)n(utes)g(of)g(the)g(element.)396
3065 3278 y(An)g(element)g(can)g(simply)g(allo)n(w)g(e)n(v)o(erything)e(as)i
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3067 b Fn(name)i Fq(ANY)p Fo(>)396 3649 y Fv(On)20 b(the)h(opposite,)e(an)h
3068 (element)f(can)h(be)g(forced)f(to)i(be)f(empty;)f(declared)g(by:)396
3069 3829 y Fo(<)p Fq(!ELEMENT)43 b Fn(name)i Fq(EMPTY)p Fo(>)396
3070 4020 y Fv(Note)20 b(that)h(there)e(is)j(an)e(abbre)n(viated)e(notation)
3071 h(for)g(empty)g(element)h(instances:)g Fo(<)p Fn(name)p
3072 Fq(/)p Fo(>)p Fv(.)396 4170 y(There)g(are)g(tw)o(o)g(more)g
3073 (sophisticated)f(forms)g(of)h(declarations:)f(so-called)h
3074 Fr(mixed)g(declar)o(ations)p Fv(,)e(and)i Fr(r)m(e)m(gular)396
3075 4278 y(e)n(xpr)m(essions)p Fv(.)g(An)h(element)e(with)i(mix)o(ed)e
3076 (content)g(contains)g(character)g(data)h(interspersed)f(with)i(inner)e
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3078 (elements)h(can)g(be)g(speci\002ed.)g(In)f(contrast)h(to)g(this,)h(a)g
3079 (re)o(gular)d(e)o(xpression)396 4494 y(declaration)h(does)h(not)g(allo)
3080 n(w)g(character)f(data,)h(b)n(ut)g(the)g(inner)f(elements)h(can)g(be)g
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3082 (gular)f(e)o(xpressions.)396 4751 y(A)i(declaration)e(for)g(mix)o(ed)g
3083 (content)g(looks)h(as)h(follo)n(ws:)p Black 3800 5278
3086 14 13 bop Black 3028 67 a Fr(Chapter)19 b(1.)h(What)h(is)g(XML?)p
3087 Black 396 579 a Fo(<)p Fq(!ELEMENT)43 b Fn(name)i Fq(\(#PCDATA)e(|)i
3088 Fn(element)1892 609 y Fk(1)1962 579 y Fq(|)g(...)f(|)h
3089 Fn(element)2636 609 y Fk(n)2707 579 y Fq(\)*)p Fo(>)396
3090 770 y Fv(or)20 b(if)h(you)e(do)h(not)g(w)o(ant)g(to)g(allo)n(w)g(an)o
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3092 b Fn(name)i Fq(\(#PCDATA\))p Fo(>)396 1279 y Fj(Example)479
3093 1426 y Fi(If)19 b(element)g(type)g Fh(q)g Fi(is)g(declared)h(as)479
3094 1596 y Fh(<!ELEMENT)44 b(q)c(\(#PCDATA)k(|)c(r)h(|)g(s\)*>)479
3095 1776 y Fi(this)19 b(is)f(a)h(le)o(gal)g(instance:)479
3096 1947 y Fh(<q>This)43 b(is)e(character)j(data<r></r>with)h(<s></s>inner)
3097 g(elements</q>)479 2127 y Fi(But)19 b(this)g(is)f(ille)o(gal)g(because)
3098 i Fh(t)f Fi(has)h(not)f(been)g(enumerated)i(in)e(the)g(declaration:)479
3099 2297 y Fh(<q>This)43 b(is)e(character)j(data<r></r>with)h(<t></t>inner)
3100 g(elements</q>)396 2571 y Fv(The)20 b(other)f(form)h(uses)g(a)h(re)o
3101 (gular)e(e)o(xpression)f(to)j(describe)e(the)h(possible)g(contents:)396
3102 2752 y Fo(<)p Fq(!ELEMENT)43 b Fn(name)i(regexp)p Fo(>)396
3103 2942 y Fv(The)20 b(follo)n(wing)f(well-kno)n(wn)f(re)o(ge)o(xp)g
3104 (operators)h(are)h(allo)n(wed:)p Black 396 3299 a Ft(\225)p
3105 Black 60 w Fn(element-name)p Black 396 3407 a Ft(\225)p
3106 Black 60 w Fq(\()p Fn(subexpr)839 3437 y Fk(1)910 3407
3107 y Fq(,)g Fv(...)g Fq(,)45 b Fn(subexpr)1463 3437 y Fk(n)1533
3108 3407 y Fq(\))p Black 396 3515 a Ft(\225)p Black 60 w
3109 Fq(\()p Fn(subexpr)839 3545 y Fk(1)910 3515 y Fq(|)20
3110 b Fv(...)g Fq(|)45 b Fn(subexpr)1463 3545 y Fk(n)1533
3111 3515 y Fq(\))p Black 396 3623 a Ft(\225)p Black 60 w
3112 Fn(subexpr)s Fq(*)p Black 396 3731 a Ft(\225)p Black
3113 60 w Fn(subexpr)s Fq(+)p Black 396 3839 a Ft(\225)p Black
3114 60 w Fn(subexpr)s Fq(?)396 3989 y Fv(The)20 b Fq(,)h
3115 Fv(operator)d(indicates)i(a)h(sequence)e(of)h(sub-models,)e(the)i
3116 Fq(|)h Fv(operator)d(describes)i(alternati)n(v)o(e)f(sub-models.)f(The)
3117 396 4096 y Fq(*)j Fv(indicates)f(zero)f(or)h(more)g(repetitions,)f(and)
3118 g Fq(+)i Fv(one)f(or)f(more)h(repetitions.)f(Finally)-5
3119 b(,)19 b Fq(?)i Fv(can)f(be)g(used)g(for)f(optional)396
3120 4204 y(sub-models.)g(As)i(atoms)f(the)g(re)o(ge)o(xp)e(can)i(contain)f
3121 (names)h(of)g(elements;)g(note)g(that)g(it)h(is)g(not)f(allo)n(wed)f
3122 (to)i(include)396 4312 y Fq(#PCDATA)p Fv(.)396 4462 y(The)f(e)o(xact)g
3123 (syntax)f(of)h(the)g(re)o(gular)f(e)o(xpressions)g(is)i(rather)e
3124 (strange.)h(This)g(can)g(be)g(e)o(xplained)f(best)h(by)g(a)g(list)i(of)
3125 396 4570 y(constraints:)p Black 396 4802 a Ft(\225)p
3126 Black 60 w Fv(The)e(outermost)f(e)o(xpression)g(must)h(not)g(be)g
3127 Fn(element-name)p Fv(.)p Black 3800 5278 a Fr(14)p Black
3130 15 14 bop Black 3028 67 a Fr(Chapter)19 b(1.)h(What)h(is)g(XML?)p
3131 Black 479 579 a(Ille)m(gal:)e Fq(<!ELEMENT)43 b(x)i(y>)p
3132 Fv(;)21 b(this)f(must)h(be)f(written)g(as)h Fq(<!ELEMENT)43
3133 b(x)i(\(y\)>)p Fv(.)p Black 396 728 a Ft(\225)p Black
3134 60 w Fv(F)o(or)20 b(the)g(unary)f(operators)g Fn(subexpr)s
3135 Fq(*)p Fv(,)g Fn(subexpr)s Fq(+)p Fv(,)g(and)g Fn(subexpr)s
3136 Fq(?)p Fv(,)g(the)h Fn(subexpr)i Fv(must)f(not)f(be)g(again)f(an)479
3137 836 y(unary)g(operator)-5 b(.)479 986 y Fr(Ille)m(gal:)19
3138 b Fq(<!ELEMENT)43 b(x)i(y**>)p Fv(;)20 b(this)h(must)f(be)g(written)g
3139 (as)h Fq(<!ELEMENT)44 b(x)g(\(y*\)*>)p Fv(.)p Black 396
3140 1135 a Ft(\225)p Black 60 w Fv(Between)21 b Fq(\))f Fv(and)g(one)f(of)h
3141 (the)h(unary)d(operatory)g Fq(*)p Fv(,)j Fq(+)p Fv(,)f(or)g
3142 Fq(?)p Fv(,)g(there)g(must)g(not)g(be)g(whitespace.)479
3143 1285 y Fr(Ille)m(gal:)f Fq(<!ELEMENT)43 b(x)i(\(y|z\))f(*>)p
3144 Fv(;)21 b(this)f(must)h(be)f(written)g(as)h Fq(<!ELEMENT)43
3145 b(x)i(\(y|z\)*>)p Fv(.)p Black 396 1434 a Ft(\225)p Black
3146 60 w Fv(There)20 b(is)h(the)f(additional)f(constraint)g(that)h(the)h
3147 (right)e(parenthsis)g(must)i(be)f(contained)e(in)j(the)f(same)g(entity)
3148 g(as)h(the)479 1542 y(left)g(parenthesis;)e(see)i(the)f(section)g
3149 (about)f(parsed)h(entities)g(belo)n(w)-5 b(.)396 1733
3150 y(Note)20 b(that)g(there)g(is)h(another)e(restriction)g(on)h(re)o
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3153 (by)e(looking)g(at)i(the)f(ne)o(xt)f(tok)o(en)h(which)f(alternati)n(v)o
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3155 (stops.)i(The)f(reason)f(for)g(this)i(is)g(simply)f(compatability)f
3156 (with)h(SGML)g(\(there)g(is)h(no)f(intrinsic)f(reason)396
3157 2057 y(for)h(this)h(rule;)e(XML)i(can)f(li)n(v)o(e)g(without)f(this)i
3158 (restriction\).)396 2302 y Fj(Example)479 2449 y Fi(The)e(elements)g
3159 (are)g(declared)h(as)f(follo)n(ws:)479 2620 y Fh(<!ELEMENT)44
3160 b(q)c(\(r?,)i(\(s)f(|)g(t\)+\)>)479 2707 y(<!ELEMENT)j(r)c
3161 (\(#PCDATA\)>)479 2795 y(<!ELEMENT)k(s)c(EMPTY>)479 2882
3162 y(<!ELEMENT)k(t)c(\(q)i(|)e(r\)>)479 3062 y Fi(This)19
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3164 b(characters</r><s/><)q(/q>)479 3413 y Fi(\(Note:)19
3165 b Fg(<)p Fh(s/)p Fg(>)g Fi(is)g(an)g(abbre)n(viation)h(for)f
3166 Fg(<)p Fh(s)p Fg(><)p Fh(/s)p Fg(>)p Fi(.\))g(It)f(w)o(ould)i(be)f
3167 (ille)o(gal)f(to)h(lea)o(v)o(e)g Fh(<s/>)h Fi(out)f(because)h(at)f
3168 (least)f(one)479 3510 y(instance)i(of)f Fh(s)g Fi(or)g
3169 Fh(t)g Fi(must)g(be)g(present.)g(It)f(w)o(ould)i(be)f(ille)o(gal,)f
3170 (too,)h(if)f(characters)i(e)o(xisted)f(outside)h(the)e
3171 Fh(r)i Fi(element;)f(the)g(only)479 3607 y(e)o(xception)h(is)f(white)g
3172 (space.)g(\226)g(This)f(is)h(le)o(gal,)f(too:)479 3778
3173 y Fh(<q><s/><t><q><s/><)q(/q>)q(</t)q(></)q(q>)-2 4230
3174 y Fp(1.2.4.)35 b(Attrib)n(ute)e(lists)h(and)g(A)-11 b(TTLIST)34
3175 b(dec)n(larations)396 4398 y Fv(Elements)20 b(may)g(ha)n(v)o(e)f
3176 (attrib)n(utes.)h(These)g(are)g(put)g(into)g(the)g(start)h(tag)f(of)g
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3178 b(attribute)1444 4608 y Fk(1)1469 4578 y Fq(=")p Fn(value)1784
3179 4608 y Fk(1)1810 4578 y Fq(")i(...)f Fn(attribute)2484
3180 4608 y Fk(n)2509 4578 y Fq(=")p Fn(value)2824 4608 y
3181 Fk(n)2850 4578 y Fq(")p Fo(>)396 4769 y Fv(Instead)20
3182 b(of)g Fq(")p Fn(value)1017 4799 y Fk(k)1043 4769 y Fq(")g
3183 Fv(it)h(is)g(also)g(possible)f(to)g(use)g(single)g(quotes)g(as)h(in)f
3184 Fq(')p Fn(value)2817 4799 y Fk(k)2843 4769 y Fq(')p Fv(.)g(Note)h(that)
3185 f(you)f(cannot)g(use)396 4877 y(double)g(quotes)h(literally)g(within)g
3186 (the)g(v)n(alue)f(of)h(the)g(attrib)n(ute)g(if)h(double)d(quotes)i(are)
3187 g(the)g(delimiters;)g(the)g(same)p Black 3800 5278 a
3190 16 15 bop Black 3028 67 a Fr(Chapter)19 b(1.)h(What)h(is)g(XML?)p
3191 Black 396 579 a Fv(applies)f(to)h(single)f(quotes.)f(Y)-9
3192 b(ou)20 b(can)g(generally)e(not)i(use)g Fm(<)h Fv(and)e(&)i(as)g
3193 (characters)e(in)h(attrib)n(ute)g(v)n(alues.)g(It)g(is)396
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3197 (is)h(not)e(de\002ned)h(by)f(an)i(e)o(xternal)d(\002le\))j(as)g(well)g
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3199 (attrib)n(ute)g(you)f(must)h(declare)g(it.)g(An)g(A)-9
3200 b(TTLIST)20 b(declaration)e(looks)i(as)h(follo)n(ws:)396
3201 1124 y Fo(<)p Fq(!ATTLIST)43 b Fn(element-name)845 1222
3202 y(attribute-name)f(attribute-type)h(attribute-default)845
3203 1319 y Fq(...)845 1416 y Fn(attribute-name)f(attribute-type)h
3204 (attribute-default)396 1513 y Fo(>)396 1704 y Fv(There)20
3205 b(are)g(a)g(lot)h(of)f(types,)f(b)n(ut)i(most)f(important)f(are:)p
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3207 (string)h(is)h(allo)n(wed)f(as)g(attrib)n(ute)g(v)n(alue.)p
3208 Black 396 2169 a Ft(\225)p Black 60 w Fq(NMTOKEN)p Fv(:)g(Ev)o(ery)f
3209 (nametok)o(en)f(is)j(allo)n(wed)f(as)g(attrib)n(ute)g(v)n(alue.)g
3210 (Nametok)o(ens)f(consist)h(\(mainly\))f(of)g(letters,)479
3211 2277 y(digits,)h(.,)h(:,)f(-,)g(_)h(in)f(arbitrary)f(order)-5
3212 b(.)p Black 396 2385 a Ft(\225)p Black 60 w Fq(NMTOKENS)p
3213 Fv(:)20 b(A)g(space-separated)f(list)i(of)f(nametok)o(ens)e(is)k(allo)n
3214 (wed)d(as)i(attrib)n(ute)f(v)n(alue.)396 2534 y(The)g(most)g
3215 (interesting)g(def)o(ault)f(declarations)g(are:)p Black
3216 396 2767 a Ft(\225)p Black 60 w Fq(#REQUIRED)p Fv(:)h(The)f(attrib)n
3217 (ute)h(must)g(be)h(speci\002ed.)p Black 396 2874 a Ft(\225)p
3218 Black 60 w Fq(#IMPLIED)p Fv(:)e(The)h(attrib)n(ute)f(can)g(be)h
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3221 y(the)g(attrib)n(ute)g(w)o(as)h(present)f(or)g(not.)p
3222 Black 396 3090 a Ft(\225)p Black 60 w Fq(")p Fn(value)p
3223 Fq(")g Fv(or)f Fq(')p Fn(value)p Fq(')p Fv(:)h(This)g(particular)e(v)n
3224 (alue)i(is)g(used)g(as)h(def)o(ault)e(if)h(the)g(attrib)n(ute)g(is)g
3225 (omitted)g(in)g(the)g(element.)396 3378 y Fj(Example)479
3226 3525 y Fi(This)f(is)f(a)h(v)n(alid)g(attrib)o(ute)g(declaration)g(for)g
3227 (element)g(type)h Fh(r)p Fi(:)479 3695 y Fh(<!ATTLIST)44
3228 b(r)883 3782 y(x)c(CDATA)164 b(#REQUIRED)883 3870 y(y)40
3229 b(NMTOKEN)84 b(#IMPLIED)883 3957 y(z)40 b(NMTOKENS)k("one)d(two)h
3230 (three">)479 4137 y Fi(This)19 b(means)g(that)g Fh(x)g
3231 Fi(is)g(a)g(required)g(attrib)o(ute)f(that)h(cannot)h(be)f(left)g(out,)
3232 f(while)h Fh(y)g Fi(and)h Fh(z)f Fi(are)g(optional.)g(The)g(XML)g
3233 (parser)479 4235 y(indicates)h(the)f(application)g(whether)h
3234 Fh(y)f Fi(is)f(present)i(or)f(not,)f(b)o(ut)h(if)f Fh(z)h
3235 Fi(is)g(missing)g(the)g(def)o(ault)h(v)n(alue)f("one)h(tw)o(o)f(three")
3236 h(is)479 4332 y(returned)g(automatically)-5 b(.)479 4470
3237 y(This)19 b(is)f(a)h(v)n(alid)g(e)o(xample)h(of)f(these)g(attrib)o
3238 (utes:)479 4641 y Fh(<r)41 b(x="He)h(said:)h("I)f(don't)g(like)g
3239 (quotes!"")j(y='1'>)p Black 3798 5278 a Fr(16)p
3242 17 16 bop Black 3028 67 a Fr(Chapter)19 b(1.)h(What)h(is)g(XML?)p
3243 Black -2 583 a Fp(1.2.5.)35 b(P)l(ar)n(sed)g(entities)396
3244 751 y Fv(Elements)20 b(describe)f(the)i(logical)e(structure)h(of)g(the)
3245 g(document,)e(while)i Fr(entities)g Fv(determine)f(the)h(physical)g
3246 (structure.)396 859 y(Entities)h(are)f(the)g(pieces)g(of)g(te)o(xt)g
3247 (the)g(parser)g(operates)f(on,)h(mostly)g(\002les)h(and)f(macros.)f
3248 (Entities)h(may)g(be)g Fr(par)o(sed)i Fv(in)396 967 y(which)e(case)h
3249 (the)f(parser)f(reads)h(the)g(te)o(xt)h(and)e(interprets)g(it)i(as)g
3250 (XML)g(markup,)d(or)i Fr(unpar)o(sed)h Fv(which)e(simply)h(means)396
3251 1075 y(that)h(the)f(data)g(of)g(the)g(entity)g(has)g(a)h(foreign)d
3252 (format)h(\(e.g.)h(a)g(GIF)h(icon\).)396 1224 y(If)f(the)g(parsed)f
3253 (entity)g(is)i(going)e(to)h(be)g(used)f(as)i(part)e(of)h(the)g(DTD,)g
3254 (it)g(is)h(called)f(a)g Fr(par)o(ameter)f(entity)p Fv(.)h(Y)-9
3255 b(ou)19 b(can)h(declare)396 1332 y(a)h(parameter)e(entity)g(with)i(a)f
3256 (\002x)o(ed)g(te)o(xt)g(as)h(content)e(by:)396 1512 y
3257 Fo(<)p Fq(!ENTITY)44 b(\045)g Fn(name)g Fq(")p Fn(value)p
3258 Fq(")p Fo(>)396 1703 y Fv(W)m(ithin)20 b(the)h(DTD,)f(you)f(can)h
3259 Fr(r)m(efer)h(to)f Fv(this)h(entity)-5 b(,)19 b(i.e.)i(read)e(the)h(te)
3260 o(xt)g(of)g(the)h(entity)-5 b(,)19 b(by:)396 1883 y Fq(\045)p
3261 Fn(name)p Fq(;)396 2074 y Fv(Such)h(entities)h(beha)n(v)o(e)e(lik)o(e)h
3262 (macros,)f(i.e.)i(when)e(the)o(y)h(are)g(referred)e(to,)i(the)g(macro)g
3263 (te)o(xt)g(is)h(inserted)e(and)h(read)396 2182 y(instead)g(of)g(the)g
3264 (original)f(te)o(xt.)396 2478 y Fj(Example)479 2625 y
3265 Fi(F)o(or)g(e)o(xample,)g(you)h(can)f(declare)h(tw)o(o)f(elements)g
3266 (with)f(the)h(same)h(content)f(model)h(by:)479 2795 y
3267 Fh(<!ENTITY)43 b(\045)e(model)h("a)f(|)g(b)g(|)f(c">)479
3268 2882 y(<!ELEMENT)k(x)c(\(\045model;\)>)479 2970 y(<!ELEMENT)k(y)c
3269 (\(\045model;\)>)396 3202 y Fv(If)20 b(the)h(contents)e(of)h(the)g
3270 (entity)g(are)g(gi)n(v)o(en)f(as)i(string)f(constant,)f(the)h(entity)g
3271 (is)h(called)f(an)g Fr(internal)g Fv(entity)-5 b(.)19
3272 b(It)i(is)g(also)396 3310 y(possible)f(to)h(name)e(a)i(\002le)g(to)f
3273 (be)g(used)g(as)h(content)e(\(an)h Fr(e)n(xternal)g Fv(entity\):)396
3274 3490 y Fo(<)p Fq(!ENTITY)44 b(\045)g Fn(name)g Fq(SYSTEM)g(")p
3275 Fn(file)g(name)p Fq(")p Fo(>)396 3681 y Fv(There)20 b(are)g(some)g
3276 (restrictions)f(for)h(parameter)f(entities:)p Black 396
3277 4038 a Ft(\225)p Black 60 w Fv(If)h(the)h(internal)e(parameter)g
3278 (entity)g(contains)h(the)g(\002rst)h(tok)o(en)e(of)h(a)h(declaration)e
3279 (\(i.e.)g Fo(<)p Fq(!)p Fv(\),)h(it)h(must)f(also)h(contain)479
3280 4146 y(the)f(last)i(tok)o(en)d(of)h(the)g(declaration,)e(i.e.)j(the)f
3281 Fo(>)p Fv(.)g(This)g(means)g(that)h(the)f(entity)g(either)g(contains)f
3282 (a)i(whole)e(number)479 4254 y(of)h(complete)f(declarations,)g(or)h
3283 (some)g(te)o(xt)g(from)f(the)h(middle)g(of)g(one)f(declaration.)479
3284 4404 y Fr(Ille)m(gal:)479 4542 y Fq(<!ENTITY)44 b(\045)g(e)h("\(a)f(|)h
3285 (b)g(|)f(c\)>">)479 4639 y(<!ELEMENT)g(x)g(\045e;)479
3286 4789 y Fv(Because)21 b Fo(<)p Fq(!)f Fv(is)h(contained)e(in)h(the)g
3287 (main)g(entity)-5 b(,)19 b(and)h(the)g(corresponding)d
3288 Fo(>)j Fv(is)h(contained)e(in)h(the)h(entity)e Fq(e)p
3289 Fv(.)p Black 3797 5278 a Fr(17)p Black eop
3291 18 17 bop Black 3028 67 a Fr(Chapter)19 b(1.)h(What)h(is)g(XML?)p
3292 Black Black 396 579 a Ft(\225)p Black 60 w Fv(If)f(the)h(internal)e
3293 (parameter)g(entity)g(contains)h(a)h(left)f(paranthesis,)f(it)i(must)f
3294 (also)h(contain)e(the)h(corresponding)d(right)479 687
3295 y(paranthesis.)479 836 y Fr(Ille)m(gal:)479 975 y Fq(<!ENTITY)44
3296 b(\045)g(e)h("\(a)f(|)h(b)g(|)f(c">)479 1072 y(<!ELEMENT)g(x)g
3297 (\045e;\)>)479 1222 y Fv(Because)21 b Fq(\()f Fv(is)h(contained)e(in)h
3298 (the)g(entity)g Fq(e)p Fv(,)h(and)e(the)i(corresponding)16
3299 b Fq(\))21 b Fv(is)g(contained)e(in)h(the)g(main)g(entity)-5
3300 b(.)p Black 396 1371 a Ft(\225)p Black 60 w Fv(When)20
3301 b(reading)e(te)o(xt)i(from)f(an)g(entity)-5 b(,)19 b(the)h(parser)f
3302 (automatically)f(inserts)i(one)g(space)f(character)g(before)f(the)i
3303 (entity)479 1479 y(te)o(xt)g(and)g(one)g(space)g(character)f(after)h
3304 (the)g(entity)g(te)o(xt.)f(Ho)n(we)n(v)o(er)m(,)f(this)j(rule)f(is)h
3305 (not)f(applied)f(within)h(the)g(de\002nition)479 1587
3306 y(of)g(another)f(entity)-5 b(.)479 1736 y Fr(Le)m(gal:)479
3307 1875 y Fq(<!ENTITY)44 b(\045)g(suffix)g("gif">)479 1972
3308 y(<!ENTITY)g(iconfile)f('icon.\045suffix;'>)479 2121
3309 y Fv(Because)21 b Fq(\045suffix;)e Fv(is)i(referenced)d(within)i(the)g
3310 (de\002nition)f(te)o(xt)h(for)g Fq(iconfile)p Fv(,)f(no)h(additional)f
3311 (spaces)h(are)479 2229 y(added.)479 2379 y Fr(Ille)m(gal:)479
3312 2517 y Fq(<!ENTITY)44 b(\045)g(suffix)g("test">)479 2615
3313 y(<!ELEMENT)g(x.\045suffix;)f(ANY>)479 2764 y Fv(Because)21
3314 b Fq(\045suffix;)e Fv(is)i(referenced)d(outside)i(the)g(de\002nition)f
3315 (te)o(xt)h(of)g(another)f(entity)-5 b(,)19 b(the)h(parser)g(replaces)
3316 479 2872 y Fq(\045suffix;)g Fv(by)f Fn(space)p Fq(test)p
3317 Fn(space)p Fv(.)479 3021 y Fr(Ille)m(gal:)479 3160 y
3318 Fq(<!ENTITY)44 b(\045)g(e)h("\(a)f(|)h(b)g(|)f(c\)">)479
3319 3257 y(<!ELEMENT)g(x)g(\045e;*>)479 3407 y Fv(Because)21
3320 b(there)e(is)j(a)e(whitespace)g(between)f Fq(\))i Fv(and)e
3321 Fq(*)p Fv(,)i(which)e(is)i(ille)o(gal.)p Black 396 3556
3322 a Ft(\225)p Black 60 w Fv(An)f(e)o(xternal)f(parameter)g(entity)h(must)
3323 g(al)o(w)o(ays)h(consist)f(of)g(a)h(whole)e(number)g(of)h(complete)f
3324 (declarations.)p Black 396 3664 a Ft(\225)p Black 60
3325 w Fv(In)h(the)g(internal)g(subset)g(of)g(the)g(DTD,)g(a)h(reference)d
3326 (to)j(a)f(parameter)f(entity)h(\(internal)f(or)h(e)o(xternal\))e(is)k
3327 (only)479 3772 y(allo)n(wed)e(at)h(positions)e(where)h(a)g(ne)n(w)g
3328 (declaration)f(can)h(start.)396 3963 y(If)g(the)f(parsed)g(entity)g(is)
3329 h(going)e(to)i(be)f(used)g(in)h(the)f(document)e(instance,)i(it)h(is)h
3330 (called)e(a)h Fr(g)o(ener)o(al)e(entity)p Fv(.)h(Such)g(entities)396
3331 4071 y(can)h(be)g(used)g(as)h(abbre)n(viations)d(for)i(frequent)e
3332 (phrases,)i(or)g(to)g(include)f(e)o(xternal)g(\002les.)i(Internal)e
3333 (general)g(entities)i(are)396 4179 y(declared)e(as)i(follo)n(ws:)396
3334 4359 y Fo(<)p Fq(!ENTITY)44 b Fn(name)g Fq(")p Fn(value)p
3335 Fq(")p Fo(>)396 4550 y Fv(External)19 b(general)g(entities)i(are)f
3336 (declared)f(this)i(w)o(ay:)396 4730 y Fo(<)p Fq(!ENTITY)44
3337 b Fn(name)g Fq(SYSTEM)g(")p Fn(file)g(name)p Fq(")p Fo(>)p
3338 Black 3800 5278 a Fr(18)p Black eop
3340 19 18 bop Black 3028 67 a Fr(Chapter)19 b(1.)h(What)h(is)g(XML?)p
3341 Black 396 579 a Fv(References)f(to)g(general)f(entities)i(are)f
3342 (written)g(as:)396 759 y Fq(&)p Fn(name)p Fq(;)396 950
3343 y Fv(The)g(main)g(dif)n(ference)e(between)h(parameter)g(and)h(general)f
3344 (entities)h(is)i(that)e(the)g(former)f(are)h(only)f(recognized)f(in)j
3345 (the)396 1058 y(DTD)g(and)e(that)i(the)f(latter)g(are)g(only)g
3346 (recognized)e(in)i(the)g(document)e(instance.)i(As)h(the)f(DTD)g(is)i
3347 (parsed)d(before)g(the)396 1166 y(document,)f(the)i(parameter)f
3348 (entities)i(are)f(e)o(xpanded)d(\002rst;)k(for)f(e)o(xample)f(it)i(is)g
3349 (possible)f(to)g(use)h(the)f(content)f(of)h(a)396 1274
3350 y(parameter)f(entity)h(as)h(the)f(name)g(of)f(a)i(general)e(entity:)h
3351 Fq(&\045name;;)2557 1241 y Ff(1)2580 1274 y Fv(.)396
3352 1423 y(General)g(entities)g(must)h(respect)e(the)i(element)e(hierarchy)
3353 -5 b(.)17 b(This)k(means)f(that)g(there)g(must)g(be)g(an)g(end)g(tag)g
3354 (for)g(e)n(v)o(ery)396 1531 y(start)h(tag)f(in)h(the)f(entity)g(v)n
3355 (alue,)f(and)h(that)g(end)f(tags)i(without)e(corresponding)e(start)k
3356 (tags)f(are)g(not)g(allo)n(wed.)396 1777 y Fj(Example)479
3357 1924 y Fi(If)f(the)f(author)i(of)f(a)f(document)j(changes)f(sometimes,)
3358 f(it)f(is)g(w)o(orthwhile)h(to)g(set)f(up)i(a)e(general)i(entity)e
3359 (containing)i(the)f(names)479 2021 y(of)g(the)g(authors.)h(If)e(the)h
3360 (author)h(changes,)g(you)f(need)h(only)g(to)e(change)j(the)e
3361 (de\002nition)g(of)g(the)g(entity)-5 b(,)18 b(and)i(do)f(not)h(need)f
3362 (to)479 2118 y(check)h(all)f(occurrences)h(of)f(authors')h(names:)479
3363 2289 y Fh(<!ENTITY)43 b(authors)g("Gerd)f(Stolpmann">)479
3364 2469 y Fi(In)19 b(the)g(document)i(te)o(xt,)d(you)i(can)f(no)n(w)h
3365 (refer)e(to)h(the)g(author)h(names)f(by)h(writing)e Fh(&authors;)p
3366 Fi(.)479 2607 y Fe(Ille)m(gal:)h Fi(The)g(follo)n(wing)g(tw)o(o)g
3367 (entities)g(are)g(ille)o(gal)f(because)i(the)f(elements)g(in)g(the)g
3368 (de\002nition)g(do)g(not)h(nest)f(properly:)479 2778
3369 y Fh(<!ENTITY)43 b(lengthy-tag)i("<section)e(textcolor='white')j
3370 (background='graphi)q(c'>)q(">)479 2865 y(<!ENTITY)d(nonsense)165
3371 b("<a></b>">)396 3139 y Fv(Earlier)20 b(in)g(this)h(introduction)d(we)i
3372 (e)o(xplained)e(that)j(there)e(are)i(substitutes)f(for)g(reserv)o(ed)e
3373 (characters:)i(<,)g(>,)396 3247 y(&,)f(',)h(and)f
3374 (".)g(These)h(are)g(simply)g(prede\002ned)e(general)h(entities;)i
3375 (note)f(that)g(the)o(y)g(are)g(the)g(only)396 3355 y(prede\002ned)e
3376 (entities.)j(It)f(is)h(allo)n(wed)f(to)g(de\002ne)g(these)g(entities)h
3377 (again)e(as)i(long)e(as)i(the)f(meaning)f(is)i(unchanged.)-2
3378 3725 y Fp(1.2.6.)35 b(Notations)g(and)e(unpar)n(sed)i(entities)396
3379 3892 y Fv(Unparsed)19 b(entities)i(ha)n(v)o(e)e(a)i(foreign)d(format)i
3380 (and)f(can)h(thus)g(not)g(be)g(read)g(by)g(the)g(XML)g(parser)-5
3381 b(.)20 b(Unparsed)f(entities)396 4000 y(are)h(al)o(w)o(ays)h(e)o
3382 (xternal.)e(The)h(format)f(of)h(an)g(unparsed)e(entity)i(must)g(ha)n(v)
3383 o(e)g(been)f(declared,)g(such)h(a)h(format)e(is)i(called)f(a)396
3384 4108 y Fr(notation)p Fv(.)f(The)g(entity)h(can)g(then)g(be)g(declared)f
3385 (by)h(referring)e(to)i(this)h(notation.)e(As)i(unparsed)d(entities)j
3386 (do)f(not)396 4216 y(contain)f(XML)i(te)o(xt,)e(it)i(is)h(not)d
3387 (possible)h(to)h(include)e(them)h(directly)f(into)h(the)g(document;)e
3388 (you)i(can)g(only)f(declare)396 4324 y(attrib)n(utes)h(such)g(that)h
3389 (names)e(of)h(unparsed)f(entities)h(are)h(acceptable)e(v)n(alues.)396
3390 4474 y(As)i(you)f(can)g(see,)g(unparsed)f(entities)h(are)g(too)g
3391 (complicated)f(in)h(order)f(to)h(ha)n(v)o(e)g(an)o(y)f(purpose.)g(It)h
3392 (is)h(almost)f(al)o(w)o(ays)396 4581 y(better)g(to)g(simply)g(pass)h
3393 (the)f(name)g(of)g(the)g(data)g(\002le)h(as)g(normal)e(attrib)n(ute)g
3394 (v)n(alue,)h(and)f(let)i(the)f(application)f(recognize)396
3395 4689 y(and)h(process)g(the)g(foreign)e(format.)p Black
3396 3800 5278 a Fr(19)p Black eop
3398 20 19 bop Black 3028 67 a Fr(Chapter)19 b(1.)h(What)h(is)g(XML?)p
3399 Black -2 597 a Fx(1.3.)39 b(A)g(complete)f(e)n(xample:)g(The)h
3400 Fd(readme)k Fx(DTD)396 777 y Fv(The)20 b(reason)g(for)f
3401 Fr(r)m(eadme)h Fv(w)o(as)h(that)f(I)g(often)g(wrote)g(tw)o(o)g(v)o
3402 (ersions)f(of)h(\002les)h(such)f(as)h(README)g(and)e(INST)-8
3403 b(ALL)396 885 y(which)20 b(e)o(xplain)f(aspects)h(of)g(a)h(distrib)n
3404 (uted)e(softw)o(are)h(archi)n(v)o(e;)f(one)g(v)o(ersion)g(w)o(as)i
3405 (ASCII-formatted,)d(the)i(other)g(w)o(as)396 993 y(written)g(in)h
3406 (HTML.)e(Maintaining)g(both)g(v)o(ersions)h(means)f(double)g(amount)g
3407 (of)h(w)o(ork,)f(and)h(changes)f(of)h(one)f(v)o(ersion)396
3408 1101 y(may)h(be)g(for)o(gotten)e(in)i(the)g(other)f(v)o(ersion.)g(T)-7
3409 b(o)20 b(impro)o(v)o(e)e(this)j(situation)e(I)i(in)m(v)o(ented)d(the)i
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3411 (maintain)e(only)h(one)f(source)h(written)g(as)g(XML)h(document,)d(and)
3412 h(to)i(generate)e(the)h(ASCII)g(and)g(the)g(HTML)396
3413 1317 y(v)o(ersion)f(from)g(it.)396 1466 y(In)h(this)h(section,)f(I)g(e)
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3415 (contained)d(in)j(the)f(PXP)h(distrib)n(ution)e(together)396
3416 1574 y(with)i(the)f(tw)o(o)g(con)m(v)o(erters)e(to)j(produce)d(ASCII)i
3417 (and)g(HTML.)g(Another)e(section)i(of)g(this)h(manual)e(describes)h
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3419 y(The)20 b(documents)f(ha)n(v)o(e)g(a)i(simple)f(structure:)f(There)h
3420 (are)g(up)g(to)g(three)g(le)n(v)o(els)g(of)g(nested)g(sections,)g
3421 (paragraphs,)d(item)396 1939 y(lists,)22 b(footnotes,)c(hyperlinks,)g
3422 (and)h(te)o(xt)h(emphasis.)g(The)g(outermost)f(element)g(has)i(usually)
3423 e(the)h(type)g Fq(readme)p Fv(,)g(it)h(is)396 2047 y(declared)e(by)396
3424 2228 y Fq(<!ELEMENT)44 b(readme)f(\(sect1+\)>)396 2325
3425 y(<!ATTLIST)h(readme)845 2422 y(title)g(CDATA)g(#REQUIRED>)396
3426 2613 y Fv(This)21 b(means)f(that)g(this)h(element)e(contains)h(one)f
3427 (or)h(more)f(sections)i(of)f(the)g(\002rst)h(le)n(v)o(el)f(\(element)f
3428 (type)h Fq(sect1)p Fv(\),)f(and)396 2721 y(that)i(the)f(element)f(has)i
3429 (a)f(required)f(attrib)n(ute)h Fq(title)f Fv(containing)g(character)g
3430 (data)h(\(CD)m(A)-9 b(T)h(A\).)19 b(Note)h(that)h Fq(readme)396
3431 2829 y Fv(elements)f(must)g(not)g(contain)f(te)o(xt)h(data.)396
3432 2978 y(The)g(three)g(le)n(v)o(els)g(of)g(sections)g(are)g(declared)f
3433 (as)i(follo)n(ws:)396 3158 y Fq(<!ELEMENT)44 b(sect1)g
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3435 (\(title,\(sect3|p|ul\)+\)>)396 3547 y(<!ELEMENT)g(sect3)g
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3484 h(include)g(inner)f(elements.)396 2755 y(The)h(paragraph)e(element)h
3485 Fq(p)i Fv(has)f(a)h(structure)e(similar)i(to)f Fq(title)p
3486 Fv(,)g(b)n(ut)g(it)h(allo)n(ws)f(more)g(inner)f(elements:)396
3487 2935 y Fq(<!ENTITY)44 b(\045)g(text)h("br|code|em|footnote|a">)396
3488 3129 y(<!ELEMENT)f(p)g(\(#PCDATA|\045text;\)*>)396 3320
3489 y Fv(Line)20 b(breaks)g(do)f(not)h(ha)n(v)o(e)g(inner)f(structure,)g
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3493 Fq(br)p Fv(;)g(you)f(must)i(al)o(w)o(ays)f(write)h Fq(<br></br>)e
3494 Fv(or)h(abbre)n(viated)396 3799 y Fq(<br/>)p Fv(.)396
3495 3949 y(Code)g(samples)h(should)e(be)h(mark)o(ed)f(up)h(by)f(the)h
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3497 Fq(em)p Fv(:)396 4129 y Fq(<!ELEMENT)44 b(code)g(\(#PCDATA\)>)396
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3500 (contain)f(further)g(markup)f(while)i Fq(em)h Fv(elements)f(do)g(is)h
3501 (a)f(design)g(decision)396 4622 y(by)g(the)g(author)f(of)h(the)g(DTD.)
3502 396 4772 y(Unordered)e(lists)k(simply)d(consists)i(of)f(one)g(or)g
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3507 22 21 bop Black 3028 67 a Fr(Chapter)19 b(1.)h(What)h(is)g(XML?)p
3508 Black 396 579 a Fq(<!ELEMENT)44 b(ul)g(\(li+\)>)396 773
3509 y(<!ELEMENT)g(li)g(\(\045p.like;\)*>)396 964 y Fv(F)o(ootnotes)19
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3515 (\(#PCDATA|\045text;\)*>)396 1551 y Fv(Hyperlinks)19
3516 b(are)h(written)g(as)h(in)f(HTML.)g(The)g(anchor)f(tag)h(contains)f
3517 (the)h(te)o(xt)g(describing)f(where)h(the)g(link)g(points)g(to,)396
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3519 (\(as)i(URL\).)f(There)f(is)j(no)d(w)o(ay)i(to)f(describe)f(locations)h
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3521 (another)f Fr(r)m(eadme)h Fv(document,)e(the)i(attrib)n(ute)g
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3523 Fq(href)p Fv(.)396 1875 y(The)g(reason)g(is)h(that)f(the)g(con)m(v)o
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3528 2260 y(<!ATTLIST)g(a)845 2357 y(href)268 b(CDATA)44 b(#IMPLIED)845
3529 2454 y(readmeref)f(CDATA)h(#IMPLIED)396 2552 y(>)396
3530 2742 y Fv(Note)20 b(that)h(although)d(it)j(is)g(only)e(sensible)i(to)f
3531 (specify)g(one)f(of)h(the)g(tw)o(o)h(attrib)n(utes,)f(the)g(DTD)g(has)h
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3533 3000 y(So)h(f)o(ar)f(the)g(DTD.)g(Finally)-5 b(,)19 b(here)h(is)h(a)g
3534 (document)d(for)i(it:)396 3180 y Fq(<?xml)44 b(version="1.0")f
3535 (encoding="ISO-8859-1"?>)396 3277 y(<!DOCTYPE)h(readme)f(SYSTEM)h
3536 ("readme.dtd">)396 3374 y(<readme)g(title="How)f(to)i(use)f(the)g
3537 (readme)g(converters">)396 3471 y(<sect1>)486 3569 y
3538 (<title>Usage</title>)486 3666 y(<p>)576 3763 y(The)g(<em>readme</em>)e
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3541 (-html)f(])g(input.xml</code>)486 4151 y(</p>)486 4248
3542 y(<p>)576 4346 y(Here)g(a)g(list)h(of)f(options:)486
3543 4443 y(</p>)486 4540 y(<ul>)576 4637 y(<li>)665 4734
3544 y(<p><code>-)396 4831 y(text</code>:)f(specifies)g(that)i(ASCII)f
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3548 23 22 bop Black 3028 67 a Fr(Chapter)19 b(1.)h(What)h(is)g(XML?)p
3549 Black 576 579 a Fq(</li>)576 676 y(<li>)665 773 y(<p><code>-)396
3550 870 y(html</code>:)43 b(specifies)g(that)i(HTML)f(output)g(should)f(be)
3551 i(produced</p>)576 967 y(</li>)486 1065 y(</ul>)486 1162
3552 y(<p>)576 1259 y(The)f(input)g(file)g(must)g(be)h(given)f(on)g(the)h
3553 (command)e(line.)h(The)h(converted)e(output)h(is)576
3554 1356 y(printed)f(to)i(<em>stdout</em>.)486 1453 y(</p>)396
3555 1550 y(</sect1>)396 1647 y(<sect1>)486 1745 y(<title>Author</title>)486
3556 1842 y(<p>)576 1939 y(The)f(program)g(has)g(been)g(written)g(by)576
3557 2036 y(<a)g(href="mailto:Gerd.Stolpmann@darmstadt.ne)o(tsurf.)o(de">Ge)
3558 o(rd)39 b(Stolpmann</a>.)486 2133 y(</p>)396 2230 y(</sect1>)396
3559 2327 y(</readme>)-2 2746 y Fx(Notes)p Black 396 2926
3560 a Fv(1.)p Black 70 w(This)20 b(construct)g(is)h(only)e(allo)n(wed)h
3561 (within)g(the)g(de\002nition)f(of)h(another)e(entity;)i(otherwise)g(e)o
3562 (xtra)f(spaces)i(w)o(ould)529 3034 y(be)f(added)f(\(as)i(e)o(xplained)d
3563 (abo)o(v)o(e\).)g(Such)i(indirection)e(is)j(not)f(recommended.)529
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3565 b(\045)e(variant)i("a">)243 b(<!-)42 b(or)f("b")g(->)529
3566 3430 y(<!ENTITY)i(text-a)g("This)f(is)f(text)h(A.">)529
3567 3518 y(<!ENTITY)h(text-b)g("This)f(is)f(text)h(B.">)529
3568 3605 y(<!ENTITY)h(text)f("&text-\045variant)q(;;")q(>)529
3569 3785 y Fi(Y)-8 b(ou)19 b(can)h(no)n(w)f(write)f Fh(&text;)j
3570 Fi(in)e(the)g(document)h(instance,)f(and)h(depending)h(on)e(the)g(v)n
3571 (alue)g(of)g Fh(variant)i Fi(either)e Fh(text-a)i Fi(or)529
3572 3882 y Fh(text-b)g Fi(is)d(inserted.)p Black 3800 5278
3575 24 23 bop Black Black -2 621 a Fs(Chapter)48 b(2.)f(Using)i(PXP)-2
3576 1055 y Fx(2.1.)39 b(V)-9 b(alidation)396 1235 y Fv(The)20
3577 b(parser)g(can)g(be)g(used)g(to)g Fr(validate)f Fv(a)i(document.)d
3578 (This)i(means)g(that)g(all)h(the)f(constraints)g(that)g(must)g(hold)g
3579 (for)f(a)396 1343 y(v)n(alid)h(document)e(are)i(actually)g(check)o(ed.)
3580 f(V)-9 b(alidation)19 b(is)i(the)f(def)o(ault)f(mode)h(of)g(PXP,)g
3581 (i.e.)h(e)n(v)o(ery)d(document)h(is)396 1451 y(v)n(alidated)g(while)i
3582 (it)f(is)i(being)d(parsed.)396 1600 y(In)h(the)g Fq(examples)g
3583 Fv(directory)e(of)i(the)g(distrib)n(ution)f(you)h(\002nd)g(the)g
3584 Fq(pxpvalidate)f Fv(application.)f(It)j(is)g(in)m(v)n(ok)o(ed)d(in)j
3585 (the)396 1708 y(follo)n(wing)e(w)o(ay:)396 1888 y Fq(pxpvalidate)43
3586 b([)i(-wf)f(])h Fn(file)p Fq(...)396 2079 y Fv(The)20
3587 b(\002les)h(mentioned)e(on)g(the)i(command)d(line)i(are)g(v)n
3588 (alidated,)f(and)h(e)n(v)o(ery)e(w)o(arning)h(and)h(e)n(v)o(ery)f
3589 (error)g(messages)h(are)396 2187 y(printed)f(to)i(stderr)-5
3590 b(.)396 2337 y(The)20 b(-wf)g(switch)h(modi\002es)e(the)i(beha)n(viour)
3591 d(such)i(that)g(a)h(well-formedness)d(parser)h(is)i(simulated.)f(In)g
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3593 b(TTLIST)j(,)19 b(and)g(NO)m(T)-8 b(A)f(TION)20 b(declarations)f(of)h
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3596 (intended)e(for)h(documents)e(lacking)h(a)i(DTD.)f(Please)h(note)f
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3600 b(.)396 2918 y(The)20 b Fq(pxpvalidate)f Fv(application)g(is)i(the)f
3601 (simplest)h(sensible)f(program)e(using)i(PXP,)g(you)g(may)f(consider)g
3602 (it)i(as)396 3026 y("hello)f(w)o(orld")f(program.)-2
3603 3445 y Fx(2.2.)39 b(Ho)n(w)g(to)g(par)n(se)f(a)i(document)d(fr)m(om)i
3604 (an)g(application)396 3624 y Fv(Let)21 b(me)f(\002rst)h(gi)n(v)o(e)e(a)
3605 i(rough)d(o)o(v)o(ervie)n(w)g(of)i(the)h(object)e(model)g(of)h(the)h
3606 (parser)-5 b(.)19 b(The)h(follo)n(wing)f(items)h(are)h(represented)396
3607 3732 y(by)f(objects:)p Black 396 4055 a Ft(\225)p Black
3608 60 w Fr(Documents:)f Fv(The)h(document)e(representation)g(is)j(more)e
3609 (or)h(less)h(the)f(anchor)f(for)g(the)h(application;)f(all)i(accesses)g
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3613 b(can)h(get)h(some)f(global)f(information,)e(such)j(as)h(the)f(XML)h
3614 (declaration)d(the)j(document)479 4379 y(be)o(gins)f(with,)g(the)g(DTD)
3615 g(of)g(the)g(document,)e(global)i(processing)e(instructions,)h(and)h
3616 (most)g(important,)f(the)479 4487 y(document)f(tree.)p
3617 Black 396 4595 a Ft(\225)p Black 60 w Fr(The)j(contents)e(of)h
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3619 (a)h(tree:)f(Elements)g(contain)f(other)g(elements)479
3620 4703 y(and)h(te)o(xt)744 4670 y Ff(1)768 4703 y Fv(.)h(The)e(common)g
3621 (type)h(to)g(represent)f(both)g(kinds)h(of)g(content)f(is)i
3622 Fq(node)f Fv(which)g(is)h(a)g(class)g(type)e(that)479
3623 4811 y(uni\002es)h(the)h(properties)d(of)i(elements)g(and)g(character)f
3624 (data.)h(Ev)o(ery)e(node)i(has)g(a)h(list)g(of)f(children)f(\(which)g
3625 (is)i(empty)p Black 3800 5278 a Fr(24)p Black eop
3627 25 24 bop Black 3136 67 a Fr(Chapter)20 b(2.)g(Using)g(PXP)p
3628 Black 479 579 a Fv(if)h(the)f(element)g(is)h(empty)e(or)h(the)g(node)f
3629 (represents)h(te)o(xt\);)f(nodes)h(may)g(ha)n(v)o(e)f(attrib)n(utes;)h
3630 (nodes)g(ha)n(v)o(e)f(al)o(w)o(ays)i(te)o(xt)479 687
3631 y(contents.)d(There)g(are)g(tw)o(o)h(implementations)e(of)h
3632 Fq(node)p Fv(,)h(the)f(class)i Fq(element_impl)d Fv(for)h(elements,)g
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3634 (Y)-9 b(ou)20 b(\002nd)f(these)i(classes)g(and)f(class)h(types)f(in)g
3635 (the)g(module)f Fq(Pxp_document)p Fv(,)g(too.)479 944
3636 y(Note)h(that)h(attrib)n(ute)f(lists)h(are)f(represented)f(by)g
3637 (non-class)h(v)n(alues.)p Black 396 1094 a Ft(\225)p
3638 Black 60 w Fr(The)h(node)e(e)n(xtension:)g Fv(F)o(or)h(adv)n(anced)e
3639 (usage,)i(e)n(v)o(ery)e(node)i(of)f(the)i(document)d(may)i(ha)n(v)o(e)f
3640 (an)h(associated)479 1202 y Fr(e)n(xtension)g Fv(which)g(is)h(simply)f
3641 (a)g(second)f(object.)h(This)g(object)g(must)g(ha)n(v)o(e)g(the)g
3642 (three)g(methods)f Fq(clone)p Fv(,)g Fq(node)p Fv(,)h(and)479
3643 1310 y Fq(set_node)f Fv(as)h(bare)f(minimum,)e(b)n(ut)j(you)e(are)i
3644 (free)e(to)i(add)f(methods)f(as)i(you)f(w)o(ant.)g(This)g(is)i(the)e
3645 (preferred)e(w)o(ay)j(to)479 1417 y(add)g(functionality)e(to)i(the)h
3646 (document)d(tree)1746 1384 y Ff(2)1770 1417 y Fv(.)j(The)e(class)j
3647 (type)d Fq(extension)h Fv(is)h(de\002ned)e(in)h Fq(Pxp_document)p
3648 Fv(,)f(too.)p Black 396 1525 a Ft(\225)p Black 60 w Fr(The)i(DTD:)f
3649 Fv(Sometimes)g(it)h(is)g(necessary)e(to)i(access)f(the)h(DTD)f(of)g(a)h
3650 (document;)d(the)i(a)n(v)o(erage)f(application)g(does)479
3651 1633 y(not)h(need)g(this)g(feature.)f(The)h(class)h Fq(dtd)g
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3752 Fq(Not_found)e Fv(if)h(the)g(node)g(is)h(already)e(the)h(root)p
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3754 Fv(:)20 b(Returns)g(the)g(root)g(of)f(the)i(node)e(tree.)p
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6456 f(to)h(the)g(global)g(DTD.)g(All)h(nodes)e(of)h(a)h(tree)f(must)g
6457 (share)g(the)g(same)h(DTD.)p Black 396 1082 a Ft(\225)p
6458 Black 60 w Fq(parent)p Fv(:)f(Get)h(the)f(f)o(ather)f(node.)g(Raises)j
6459 Fq(Not_found)d Fv(in)i(the)f(case)g(the)h(node)e(does)h(not)f(ha)n(v)o
6460 (e)h(a)h(parent,)e(i.e.)h(the)479 1190 y(node)f(is)j(the)e(root.)p
6461 Black 396 1298 a Ft(\225)p Black 60 w Fq(root)p Fv(:)g(Gets)h(the)g
6462 (reference)d(to)i(the)h(root)e(node)g(of)h(the)g(tree.)g(Ev)o(ery)f
6463 (node)g(is)i(contained)e(in)h(a)h(tree)f(with)h(a)f(root,)f(so)479
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6466 (proportional)d(to)479 1514 y(the)j(length)g(of)g(the)g(path)g(to)g
6467 (the)g(root.)p Black 396 1622 a Ft(\225)p Black 60 w
6468 Fq(sub_nodes)p Fv(:)g(Returns)g(references)e(to)j(the)f(children.)f
6469 (The)g(returned)g(list)i(re\003ects)g(the)f(order)f(of)h(the)g
6470 (children.)e(F)o(or)479 1730 y(data)i(nodes,)g(this)g(method)f(returns)
6471 g(the)i(empty)e(list.)p Black 396 1838 a Ft(\225)p Black
6472 60 w Fq(iter_nodes)43 b(f)p Fv(:)21 b(Iterates)f(o)o(v)o(er)f(the)h
6473 (children,)f(and)g(calls)i Fq(f)g Fv(for)e(e)n(v)o(ery)g(child)h(in)g
6474 (turn.)p Black 396 1945 a Ft(\225)p Black 60 w Fq(iter_nodes_sibl)43
6475 b(f)p Fv(:)20 b(Iterates)g(o)o(v)o(er)f(the)h(children,)f(and)h(calls)g
6476 Fq(f)h Fv(for)f(e)n(v)o(ery)e(child)i(in)h(turn.)e Fq(f)h
6477 Fv(gets)h(as)479 2053 y(ar)o(guments)d(the)j(pre)n(vious)d(node,)h(the)
6478 h(current)f(node,)g(and)h(the)g(ne)o(xt)f(node.)p Black
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6480 f Fq(T_data)h Fv(which)g(means)g(that)g(the)g(node)f(is)i(a)g(data)f
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6483 Fq(n)p Fv(.)g(If)g(con\002gured,)e(possible)i(node)f(types)h(are)g
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6485 (node)e(represents)g(a)i(processing)e(instruction)g(with)h(tar)o(get)f
6486 Fq(t)p Fv(,)i(and)479 2485 y Fq(T_comment)f Fv(in)g(which)g(case)g(the)
6487 g(node)g(is)h(a)f(comment.)p Black 396 2593 a Ft(\225)p
6488 Black 60 w Fq(encoding)p Fv(:)g(Returns)g(the)g(encoding)e(of)i(the)g
6489 (strings.)p Black 396 2701 a Ft(\225)p Black 60 w Fq(data)p
6490 Fv(:)g(Returns)g(the)h(character)e(data)h(of)g(this)g(node)f(and)h(all)
6491 h(children,)d(concatenated)h(as)i(one)e(string.)h(The)479
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6494 f(simply)479 2917 y(returns)h(the)g(represented)e(characters.)h(F)o(or)
6495 h(elements,)g(the)g(meaning)f(of)g(the)i(method)d(has)j(been)e(e)o
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6498 h(markup.)e(\(F)o(or)479 3133 y Fq(T_pinstr)i Fv(and)f
6499 Fq(T_comment)h Fv(nodes,)f(the)h(method)f(returns)g(the)h(empty)g
6500 (string.\))p Black 396 3241 a Ft(\225)p Black 60 w Fq(position)p
6501 Fv(:)g(If)g(con\002gured,)d(this)k(method)e(returns)g(the)h(position)g
6502 (of)g(the)g(element)g(as)g(triple)g(\(entity)-5 b(,)19
6503 b(line,)479 3349 y(byteposition\).)f(F)o(or)i(data)g(nodes,)f(the)h
6504 (position)g(is)h(not)f(stored.)f(If)h(the)g(position)g(is)h(not)f(a)n
6505 (v)n(ailable)f(the)i(triple)f Fq("?",)479 3456 y(0,)45
6506 b(0)20 b Fv(is)h(returned.)p Black 396 3564 a Ft(\225)p
6507 Black 60 w Fq(comment)p Fv(:)f(Returns)g Fq(Some)44 b(text)20
6508 b Fv(for)f(comment)g(nodes,)g(and)g Fq(None)h Fv(for)g(other)f(nodes.)g
6509 (The)h Fq(text)f Fv(is)i(e)n(v)o(erything)479 3672 y(between)f(the)g
6510 (comment)f(delimiters)g Fo(<)p Fq(-)i Fv(and)e Fq(-)p
6511 Fo(>)p Fv(.)p Black 396 3780 a Ft(\225)p Black 60 w Fq(pinstr)44
6512 b(n)p Fv(:)21 b(Returns)f(all)h(processing)d(instructions)i(that)g(are)
6513 g(directly)f(contained)g(in)h(this)h(element)e(and)h(that)g(ha)n(v)o(e)
6514 479 3888 y(a)h Fr(tar)m(g)o(et)h Fv(speci\002cation)d(of)h
6515 Fq(n)p Fv(.)g(The)g(tar)o(get)f(is)j(the)e(\002rst)h(w)o(ord)e(after)h
6516 (the)g Fo(<)p Fq(?)p Fv(.)p Black 396 3996 a Ft(\225)p
6517 Black 60 w Fq(pinstr_names)p Fv(:)f(Returns)h(the)g(list)i(of)e(all)g
6518 (tar)o(gets)g(of)g(processing)f(instructions)g(directly)g(contained)g
6519 (in)h(this)479 4104 y(element.)p Black 396 4212 a Ft(\225)p
6520 Black 60 w Fq(write)44 b(s)h(enc)p Fv(:)20 b(Prints)h(the)f(node)f(and)
6521 h(all)h(subnodes)d(to)j(the)f(passed)g(output)f(stream)h(as)h(v)n(alid)
6522 f(XML)g(te)o(xt,)g(using)479 4320 y(the)g(passed)h(e)o(xternal)e
6523 (encoding.)396 4511 y Fu(Attrib)n(ute)h(obser)o(v)o(ers)h(.)p
6524 Black 396 4743 a Ft(\225)p Black 60 w Fq(attribute)44
6525 b(n)p Fv(:)20 b(Returns)g(the)h(v)n(alue)e(of)h(the)g(attrib)n(ute)g
6526 (with)g(name)g Fq(n)p Fv(.)g(This)h(method)d(returns)i(a)g(v)n(alue)g
6527 (for)f(e)n(v)o(ery)479 4851 y(declared)g(attrib)n(ute,)h(and)f(it)i
6528 (raises)g Fq(Not_found)e Fv(for)h(an)o(y)f(undeclared)f(attrib)n(ute.)i
6529 (Note)g(that)g(it)h(e)n(v)o(en)e(returns)h(a)p Black
6530 3800 5278 a Fr(53)p Black eop
6532 54 53 bop Black 2225 67 a Fr(Chapter)20 b(3.)g(The)g(objects)g(r)m(epr)
6533 m(esenting)g(the)g(document)p Black 479 579 a Fv(v)n(alue)g(if)g(the)g
6534 (attrib)n(ute)g(is)h(actually)f(missing)g(b)n(ut)g(is)h(declared)e(as)i
6535 Fq(#IMPLIED)f Fv(or)g(has)g(a)h(def)o(ault)e(v)n(alue.)g(-)i(Possible)
6536 479 687 y(v)n(alues)f(are:)p Black 479 919 a Fa(\225)p
6537 Black 62 w Fq(Implied_value)p Fv(:)f(The)h(attrib)n(ute)g(has)g(been)g
6538 (declared)e(with)j(the)f(k)o(e)o(yw)o(ord)e Fq(#IMPLIED)p
6539 Fv(,)i(and)f(the)h(attrib)n(ute)g(is)562 1027 y(missing)g(in)h(the)f
6540 (attrib)n(ute)g(list)h(of)f(this)h(element.)p Black 479
6541 1135 a Fa(\225)p Black 62 w Fq(Value)44 b(s)p Fv(:)21
6542 b(The)f(attrib)n(ute)g(has)g(been)g(declared)e(as)j(type)f
6543 Fq(CDATA)p Fv(,)g(as)h Fq(ID)p Fv(,)f(as)h Fq(IDREF)p
6544 Fv(,)e(as)i Fq(ENTITY)p Fv(,)f(or)g(as)562 1243 y Fq(NMTOKEN)p
6545 Fv(,)g(or)g(as)g(enumeration)e(or)i(notation,)f(and)g(one)h(of)g(the)g
6546 (tw)o(o)h(conditions)d(holds:)i(\(1\))g(The)g(attrib)n(ute)562
6547 1351 y(v)n(alue)g(is)h(present)e(in)i(the)f(attrib)n(ute)g(list)h(in)f
6548 (which)g(case)h(the)f(v)n(alue)f(is)j(returned)c(in)i(the)h(string)e
6549 Fq(s)p Fv(.)i(\(2\))e(The)562 1459 y(attrib)n(ute)h(has)h(been)e
6550 (omitted,)g(and)h(the)g(DTD)g(declared)f(the)i(attrib)n(ute)e(with)i(a)
6551 f(def)o(ault)g(v)n(alue.)f(The)h(def)o(ault)562 1567
6552 y(v)n(alue)f(is)i(returned)d(in)i Fq(s)p Fv(.)g(-)g(Summarized,)d
6553 Fq(Value)44 b(s)20 b Fv(is)h(returned)d(for)h(non-implied,)e(non-list)i
6554 (attrib)n(ute)g(v)n(alues.)p Black 479 1675 a Fa(\225)p
6555 Black 62 w Fq(Valuelist)44 b(l)p Fv(:)20 b(The)g(attrib)n(ute)g(has)g
6556 (been)g(declared)f(as)i(type)e Fq(IDREFS)p Fv(,)h(as)h
6557 Fq(ENTITIES)p Fv(,)e(or)h(as)h Fq(NMTOKENS)p Fv(,)562
6558 1783 y(and)f(one)g(of)f(the)i(tw)o(o)f(conditions)f(holds:)h(\(1\))f
6559 (The)h(attrib)n(ute)g(v)n(alue)f(is)i(present)f(in)g(the)h(attrib)n
6560 (ute)e(list)j(in)e(which)562 1891 y(case)h(the)f(space-separated)e(tok)
6561 o(ens)i(of)g(the)g(v)n(alue)g(are)g(returned)e(in)j(the)f(string)g
6562 (list)h Fq(l)p Fv(.)f(\(2\))g(The)g(attrib)n(ute)g(has)562
6563 1999 y(been)g(omitted,)f(and)h(the)g(DTD)g(declared)f(the)h(attrib)n
6564 (ute)g(with)h(a)f(def)o(ault)g(v)n(alue.)f(The)h(def)o(ault)f(v)n(alue)
6565 h(is)h(returned)562 2107 y(in)g Fq(l)p Fv(.)f(-)g(Summarized,)f
6566 Fq(Valuelist)43 b(l)20 b Fv(is)i(returned)c(for)i(all)g(list-type)g
6567 (attrib)n(ute)g(v)n(alues.)396 2256 y(Note)g(that)h(before)d(the)j
6568 (attrib)n(ute)f(v)n(alue)f(is)i(returned,)d(the)i(v)n(alue)g(is)h
6569 (normalized.)d(This)j(means)e(that)i(ne)n(wlines)e(are)479
6570 2364 y(con)m(v)o(erted)f(to)i(spaces,)g(and)g(that)g(references)f(to)h
6571 (character)f(entities)i(\(i.e.)f Fq(&#)p Fn(n)p Fq(;)p
6572 Fv(\))g(and)f(general)g(entities)i(\(i.e.)479 2472 y
6573 Fq(&)p Fn(name)p Fq(;)p Fv(\))f(are)g(e)o(xpanded;)e(if)i(necessary)-5
6574 b(,)19 b(e)o(xpansion)f(is)j(performed)d(recursi)n(v)o(ely)-5
6575 b(.)479 2621 y(In)20 b(well-formedness)e(mode,)h(there)h(is)h(no)f(DTD)
6576 g(which)g(could)f(declare)h(an)g(attrib)n(ute.)f(Because)i(of)f(this,)g
6577 (e)n(v)o(ery)479 2729 y(occuring)f(attrib)n(ute)g(is)i(considered)e(as)
6578 i(a)f(CD)m(A)-9 b(T)h(A)21 b(attrib)n(ute.)p Black 396
6579 2879 a Ft(\225)p Black 60 w Fq(required_string_attribute)41
6580 b(n)p Fv(:)21 b(returns)e(the)h(V)-9 b(alue)20 b(attrib)n(ute)g(called)
6581 g(n,)g(or)g(the)g(V)-9 b(aluelist)20 b(attrib)n(ute)g(as)h(a)479
6582 2987 y(string)f(where)g(the)g(list)h(elements)f(are)g(separated)f(by)h
6583 (spaces.)g(If)h(the)f(attrib)n(ute)g(v)n(alue)f(is)i(implied,)e(or)h
6584 (if)h(the)479 3094 y(attrib)n(ute)f(does)g(not)g(e)o(xists,)g(the)g
6585 (method)f(will)i(f)o(ail.)g(-)f(This)g(method)f(is)i(con)m(v)o(enient)d
6586 (if)i(you)g(e)o(xpect)f(a)h(non-implied)479 3202 y(and)g(non-list)f
6587 (attrib)n(ute)h(v)n(alue.)p Black 396 3310 a Ft(\225)p
6588 Black 60 w Fq(optional_string_attribute)41 b(n)p Fv(:)21
6589 b(returns)e(the)h(V)-9 b(alue)20 b(attrib)n(ute)g(called)g(n,)g(or)g
6590 (the)g(V)-9 b(aluelist)20 b(attrib)n(ute)g(as)h(a)479
6591 3418 y(string)f(where)g(the)g(list)h(elements)f(are)g(separated)f(by)h
6592 (spaces.)g(If)h(the)f(attrib)n(ute)g(v)n(alue)f(is)i(implied,)e(or)h
6593 (if)h(the)479 3526 y(attrib)n(ute)f(does)g(not)g(e)o(xists,)g(the)g
6594 (method)f(returns)h(None.)f(-)h(This)h(method)e(is)i(con)m(v)o(enient)c
6595 (if)k(you)e(e)o(xpect)g(a)i(non-list)479 3634 y(attrib)n(ute)f(v)n
6596 (alue)g(including)e(the)i(implied)g(v)n(alue.)p Black
6597 396 3742 a Ft(\225)p Black 60 w Fq(required_list_attribute)41
6598 b(n)p Fv(:)20 b(returns)f(the)g(V)-9 b(aluelist)20 b(attrib)n(ute)f
6599 (called)g(n,)g(or)g(the)h(V)-9 b(alue)19 b(attrib)n(ute)g(as)h(a)g
6600 (list)479 3850 y(with)h(a)f(single)g(element.)g(If)g(the)g(attrib)n
6601 (ute)g(v)n(alue)f(is)i(implied,)f(or)g(if)g(the)g(attrib)n(ute)g(does)g
6602 (not)g(e)o(xists,)g(the)g(method)479 3958 y(will)h(f)o(ail.)g(-)f(This)
6603 g(method)f(is)i(con)m(v)o(enient)d(if)i(you)g(e)o(xpect)f(a)h(list)i
6604 (attrib)n(ute)d(v)n(alue.)p Black 396 4066 a Ft(\225)p
6605 Black 60 w Fq(optional_list_attribute)41 b(n)p Fv(:)20
6606 b(returns)f(the)g(V)-9 b(aluelist)20 b(attrib)n(ute)f(called)g(n,)g(or)
6607 g(the)h(V)-9 b(alue)19 b(attrib)n(ute)g(as)h(a)g(list)479
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6609 (alue)f(is)i(implied,)f(or)g(if)g(the)g(attrib)n(ute)g(does)g(not)g(e)o
6610 (xists,)g(an)g(empty)g(list)479 4282 y(will)h(be)f(returned.)e(-)j
6611 (This)f(method)f(is)i(con)m(v)o(enient)d(if)i(you)f(e)o(xpect)h(a)g
6612 (list)i(attrib)n(ute)d(v)n(alue)h(or)g(the)g(implied)f(v)n(alue.)p
6613 Black 396 4390 a Ft(\225)p Black 60 w Fq(attribute_names)p
6614 Fv(:)g(returns)g(the)h(list)h(of)f(all)h(attrib)n(ute)f(names)g(of)g
6615 (this)g(element.)g(As)h(this)f(is)i(a)e(v)n(alidating)479
6616 4498 y(parser)m(,)f(this)i(list)g(is)g(equal)f(to)g(the)h(list)g(of)f
6617 (declared)f(attrib)n(utes.)p Black 396 4605 a Ft(\225)p
6618 Black 60 w Fq(attribute_type)43 b(n)p Fv(:)20 b(returns)g(the)g(type)g
6619 (of)g(the)g(attrib)n(ute)g(called)g Fq(n)p Fv(.)g(See)h(the)f(module)f
6620 Fq(Pxp_types)g Fv(for)g(a)479 4713 y(description)g(of)h(the)g(encoding)
6621 e(of)i(the)g(types.)p Black 396 4821 a Ft(\225)p Black
6622 60 w Fq(attributes)p Fv(:)f(returns)h(the)g(list)h(of)f(pairs)g(of)g
6623 (names)g(and)g(v)n(alues)g(for)f(all)i(attrib)n(utes)f(of)g(this)h
6624 (element.)p Black 3800 5278 a Fr(54)p Black eop
6626 55 54 bop Black 2225 67 a Fr(Chapter)20 b(3.)g(The)g(objects)g(r)m(epr)
6627 m(esenting)g(the)g(document)p Black Black 396 579 a Ft(\225)p
6628 Black 60 w Fq(id_attribute_name)p Fv(:)e(returns)h(the)i(name)e(of)h
6629 (the)g(attrib)n(ute)g(that)g(is)h(declared)e(with)h(type)g(ID.)g(There)
6630 f(is)i(at)g(most)479 687 y(one)f(such)g(attrib)n(ute.)f(The)h(method)f
6631 (raises)i Fq(Not_found)e Fv(if)i(there)e(is)i(no)f(declared)f(ID)i
6632 (attrib)n(ute)e(for)h(the)g(element)479 795 y(type.)p
6633 Black 396 903 a Ft(\225)p Black 60 w Fq(id_attribute_value)p
6634 Fv(:)e(returns)h(the)i(v)n(alue)e(of)h(the)g(attrib)n(ute)g(that)g(is)h
6635 (declared)e(with)i(type)e(ID.)i(There)e(is)i(at)479 1011
6636 y(most)g(one)e(such)h(attrib)n(ute.)g(The)g(method)e(raises)j
6637 Fq(Not_found)e Fv(if)i(there)f(is)h(no)e(declared)g(ID)i(attrib)n(ute)f
6638 (for)f(the)479 1119 y(element)h(type.)p Black 396 1226
6639 a Ft(\225)p Black 60 w Fq(idref_attribute_names)p Fv(:)d(returns)h(the)
6640 h(list)i(of)e(attrib)n(ute)f(names)h(that)h(are)f(declared)f(as)i
6641 (IDREF)f(or)g(IDREFS.)396 1417 y Fu(Modifying)h(methods)h(.)f
6642 Fv(The)g(follo)n(wing)f(methods)g(are)h(only)f(de\002ned)g(for)h
6643 (element)f(nodes)h(\(more)f(e)o(xactly:)g(the)396 1525
6644 y(methods)g(are)i(de\002ned)e(for)g(data)h(nodes,)f(too,)h(b)n(ut)g(f)o
6645 (ail)h(al)o(w)o(ays\).)p Black 396 1758 a Ft(\225)p Black
6646 60 w Fq(add_node)44 b(sn)p Fv(:)20 b(Adds)g(sub)g(node)g
6647 Fq(sn)g Fv(to)g(the)g(list)i(of)e(children.)e(This)j(operation)d(is)j
6648 (illustrated)f(in)g(the)g(picture)g Fr(A)479 1866 y(node)f(can)h(only)g
6649 (be)g(added)f(if)h(it)h(is)h(a)e(r)l(oot)q Fv(.)g(This)h(method)e(e)o
6650 (xpects)g(that)h Fq(sn)h Fv(is)g(a)g(root,)e(and)g(it)i(requires)f
6651 (that)g Fq(sn)g Fv(and)479 1974 y(the)g(current)f(object)h(share)g(the)
6652 g(same)h(DTD.)479 2123 y(Because)g Fq(add_node)e Fv(is)i(the)f(method)f
6653 (the)h(parser)g(itself)h(uses)g(to)f(add)g(ne)n(w)g(nodes)f(to)h(the)h
6654 (tree,)e(it)i(performs)e(by)479 2231 y(def)o(ault)h(some)g(simple)g(v)n
6655 (alidation)f(checks:)g(If)h(the)h(content)e(model)g(is)i(a)g(re)o
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6662 (is)j(\003agged)e(as)i(stand-alone,)d(these)j(data)f(nodes)f(only)g
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6664 y(forbidden)e(if)i(the)h(element)e(declaration)g(is)i(contained)d(in)j
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6874 60 w Fq(~comment_exemplar)p Fv(:)d(This)j(e)o(x)o(emplar)d(is)j(used)f
6875 (when)f(a)i(comment)e(node)g(must)h(be)g(created.)g(Note)g(that)g(such)
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6878 a Ft(\225)p Black 60 w Fq(~default_pinstr_exemplar)p
6879 Fv(:)c(If)j(a)h(node)e(for)g(a)i(processing)e(instruction)g(must)h(be)g
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6883 y(is)g(used.)f(Again)f(the)i(con\002guration)c(option)i(must)h(be)g
6884 ("on")g(in)g(order)f(to)i(create)e(such)h(nodes)g(at)h(all.)p
6885 Black 396 1442 a Ft(\225)p Black 60 w Fq(~pinstr_mapping)e
6886 Fv(or)g Fq(~pinstr_alist)p Fv(:)g(Map)h(the)g(tar)o(get)g(names)f(of)h
6887 (processing)f(instructions)g(to)479 1550 y(e)o(x)o(emplars.)g(These)h
6888 (mappings)e(are)i(only)g(used)g(when)f(nodes)h(for)f(processing)g
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6890 Black 60 w Fq(~data_exemplar)p Fv(:)f(The)h(e)o(x)o(emplar)e(for)h
6891 (ordinary)f(data)i(nodes.)p Black 396 1766 a Ft(\225)p
6892 Black 60 w Fq(~default_element_exemplar)p Fv(:)d(This)j(e)o(x)o(emplar)
6893 e(is)k(used)e(if)g(an)g(element)g(node)f(must)h(be)g(created,)f(b)n(ut)
6894 i(the)479 1874 y(element)f(type)g(cannot)f(be)h(found)e(in)j(the)f
6895 (tables)g Fq(element_mapping)e Fv(or)i Fq(element_alist)p
6896 Fv(.)p Black 396 1982 a Ft(\225)p Black 60 w Fq(~element_mapping)e
6897 Fv(or)i Fq(~element_alist)p Fv(:)f(Map)h(the)g(element)f(types)h(to)h
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6899 (create)e(element)h(nodes.)396 2239 y(In)g(most)g(cases,)h(you)e(only)h
6900 (w)o(ant)g(to)g(create)g Fq(spec)g Fv(v)n(alues)g(to)h(pass)f(them)g
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6902 y Fq(Pxp_yacc)p Fv(.)h(Ho)n(we)n(v)o(er)m(,)f(it)j(might)f(be)g(useful)
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6904 2497 y(The)20 b(follo)n(wing)f(functions)f(create)i(v)n(arious)f(types)
6905 h(of)g(nodes)g(by)g(selecting)f(the)i(corresponding)16
6906 b(e)o(x)o(emplar)j(from)g(the)396 2605 y(passed)h Fq(spec)g
6907 Fv(v)n(alue,)g(and)f(by)h(calling)g Fq(create_element)e
6908 Fv(or)i Fq(create_data)f Fv(on)h(the)g(e)o(x)o(emplar)-5
6909 b(.)396 2785 y Fq(val)45 b(create_data_node)d(:)665 2882
6910 y('ext)i(spec)h(->)665 2979 y(dtd)g(->)665 3076 y(\(*)g(data)f
6911 (material:)f(*\))i(string)f(->)845 3173 y('ext)g(node)396
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6914 3659 y(dtd)g(->)665 3756 y(\(*)g(element)e(type:)h(*\))h(string)f(->)
6915 665 3853 y(\(*)h(attributes:)e(*\))h(\(string)g(*)h(string\))e(list)h
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6919 y('ext)h(node)396 4728 y(val)g(create_comment_node)c(:)665
6920 4825 y(?position:\(string)h(*)j(int)f(*)h(int\))f(->)p
6921 Black 3800 5278 a Fr(59)p Black eop
6923 60 59 bop Black 2225 67 a Fr(Chapter)20 b(3.)g(The)g(objects)g(r)m(epr)
6924 m(esenting)g(the)g(document)p Black 665 579 a Fq('ext)44
6925 b(spec)h(->)665 676 y(dtd)g(->)665 773 y(\(*)g(comment)e(text:)h(*\))h
6926 (string)f(->)845 870 y('ext)g(node)396 1065 y(val)h(create_pinstr_node)
6927 c(:)665 1162 y(?position:\(string)h(*)j(int)f(*)h(int\))f(->)665
6928 1259 y('ext)g(spec)h(->)665 1356 y(dtd)g(->)665 1453
6929 y(proc_instruction)d(->)845 1550 y('ext)i(node)-2 2003
6930 y Fp(3.2.6.)35 b(Examples)396 2171 y Fu(Building)22 b(tr)o(ees.)d
6931 Fv(Here)h(is)h(the)g(piece)e(of)h(code)g(that)g(creates)g(the)h(tree)f
6932 (of)g(the)g(\002gure)f Fr(A)i(tr)m(ee)g(with)f(element)g(nodes,)396
6933 2279 y(data)g(nodes,)f(and)g(attrib)n(utes)p Fv(.)h(The)g(e)o(xtension)
6934 f(object)h(and)f(the)h(DTD)h(are)f(be)o(yond)e(the)i(scope)g(of)g(this)
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6939 b(=)44 b(new)h(data_impl)178 b(exemplar_ext)42 b(in)396
6940 3042 y(let)j(a1)f(=)h(element_exemplar)d(#)j(cre-)396
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6942 3236 y(and)h(b1)f(=)h(element_exemplar)d(#)j(create_element)d(dtd)i
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6945 3430 y(and)h(a2)f(=)h(element_exemplar)d(#)j(cre-)396
6946 3527 y(ate_element)e(dtd)i(\(T_element)e("a"\))h(["att",)g("orange"])
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6949 b(=)45 b(data_exemplar)d(#)j(create_data)e(dtd)h("An)h(orange")e(in)396
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6951 4304 y(b1)h(#)f(add_node)g(a2;)396 4401 y(b1)h(#)f(add_node)g
6952 (cherries;)396 4499 y(a2)h(#)f(add_node)g(orange;)396
6953 4689 y Fv(Alternati)n(v)o(ely)-5 b(,)18 b(the)i(last)h(block)f(of)g
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6955 y Fq(a1)45 b(#)f(set_nodes)g([b1;)g(c1];)p Black 3800
6956 5278 a Fr(60)p Black eop
6958 61 60 bop Black 2225 67 a Fr(Chapter)20 b(3.)g(The)g(objects)g(r)m(epr)
6959 m(esenting)g(the)g(document)p Black 396 579 a Fq(b1)45
6960 b(#)f(set_nodes)g([a2;)g(cherries];)396 676 y(a2)h(#)f(set_nodes)g
6961 ([orange];)396 867 y Fv(The)20 b(root)g(of)g(the)g(tree)g(is)h
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6965 Fq(c1)p Fv(,)g Fq(cherries)p Fv(,)g Fq(orange)f Fv(}.)396
6966 1388 y(Furthermore,)f(the)i(follo)n(wing)f(properties)f(hold:)486
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6969 1859 y(&)h(cherries)e(#)i(data)f(=)h("Cherries")396 1956
6970 y(&)135 b(orange)43 b(#)i(data)f(=)h("An)f(orange")396
6971 2053 y(&)314 b(a1)44 b(#)h(data)f(=)h("CherriesAn)e(orange")396
6972 2248 y(&)314 b(a1)44 b(#)h(node_type)e(=)i(T_element)e("a")396
6973 2345 y(&)314 b(a2)44 b(#)h(node_type)e(=)i(T_element)e("a")396
6974 2442 y(&)314 b(b1)44 b(#)h(node_type)e(=)i(T_element)e("b")396
6975 2539 y(&)314 b(c1)44 b(#)h(node_type)e(=)i(T_element)e("c")396
6976 2636 y(&)i(cherries)e(#)i(node_type)e(=)i(T_data)396
6977 2733 y(&)135 b(orange)43 b(#)i(node_type)e(=)i(T_data)396
6978 2928 y(&)314 b(a1)44 b(#)h(sub_nodes)e(=)i([)g(b1;)f(c1)h(])396
6979 3025 y(&)314 b(a2)44 b(#)h(sub_nodes)e(=)i([)g(orange)f(])396
6980 3122 y(&)314 b(b1)44 b(#)h(sub_nodes)e(=)i([)g(a2;)f(cherries)g(])396
6981 3219 y(&)314 b(c1)44 b(#)h(sub_nodes)e(=)i([])396 3316
6982 y(&)g(cherries)e(#)i(sub_nodes)e(=)i([])396 3413 y(&)135
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6986 396 3899 y(&)h(cherries)e(#)i(parent)f(==)g(b1)396 3996
6987 y(&)135 b(orange)43 b(#)i(parent)f(==)g(a2)396 4229 y
6988 Fu(Sear)o(ching)19 b(nodes.)g Fv(The)g(follo)n(wing)e(function)h
6989 (searches)h(all)g(nodes)g(of)g(a)g(tree)h(for)e(which)h(a)g(certain)g
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6992 g(sub_nodes\))486 4700 y(else)576 4797 y(search_list)e(p)h(\(t)h(#)f
6993 (sub_nodes\))p Black 3800 5278 a Fr(61)p Black eop
6995 62 61 bop Black 2225 67 a Fr(Chapter)20 b(3.)g(The)g(objects)g(r)m(epr)
6996 m(esenting)g(the)g(document)p Black 396 676 a Fq(and)45
6997 b(search_list)e(p)h(l)h(=)486 773 y(match)f(l)h(with)576
6998 870 y([])268 b(-)p Fo(>)45 b Fq([])486 967 y(|)g(t)f(::)h(l')f(-)p
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7000 1065 y(;;)396 1297 y Fv(F)o(or)20 b(e)o(xample,)f(if)h(you)f(w)o(ant)i
7001 (to)f(search)g(all)h(elements)f(of)f(a)i(certain)f(type)f
7002 Fq(et)p Fv(,)i(the)f(function)e Fq(search)i Fv(can)g(be)g(applied)396
7003 1405 y(as)h(follo)n(ws:)396 1585 y Fq(let)45 b(search_element_type)c
7004 (et)k(t)f(=)486 1682 y(search)g(\(fun)g(x)h(-)p Fo(>)f
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7006 y(;;)396 2012 y Fu(Getting)20 b(attrib)n(ute)f(v)o(alues.)h
7007 Fv(Suppose)f(we)i(ha)n(v)o(e)f(the)g(declaration:)396
7008 2192 y Fq(<!ATTLIST)44 b(e)g(a)h(CDATA)f(#REQUIRED)934
7009 2289 y(b)h(CDATA)f(#IMPLIED)934 2386 y(c)h(CDATA)f("12345">)396
7010 2577 y Fv(In)20 b(this)h(case,)f(e)n(v)o(ery)f(element)h
7011 Fq(e)g Fv(must)h(ha)n(v)o(e)e(an)h(attrib)n(ute)g Fq(a)p
7012 Fv(,)g(otherwise)g(the)g(parser)g(w)o(ould)f(indicate)h(an)g(error)-5
7013 b(.)19 b(If)h(the)396 2685 y(O'Caml)h(v)n(ariable)e Fq(n)h
7014 Fv(holds)g(the)g(node)f(of)h(the)g(tree)h(corresponding)16
7015 b(to)21 b(the)f(element,)f(you)g(can)h(get)h(the)f(v)n(alue)f(of)h(the)
7016 396 2793 y(attrib)n(ute)g Fq(a)h Fv(by)396 2973 y Fq(let)45
7017 b(value_of_a)e(=)h(n)h(#)g(required_string_attribute)40
7018 b("a")396 3164 y Fv(which)20 b(is)h(more)e(or)h(less)i(an)e(abbre)n
7019 (viation)d(for)396 3344 y Fq(let)45 b(value_of_a)e(=)486
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7022 3827 y Fv(-)21 b(as)g(the)f(attrib)n(ute)g(is)h(required,)d(the)i
7023 Fq(attribute)f Fv(method)g(al)o(w)o(ays)i(returns)e(a)i
7024 Fq(Value)p Fv(.)396 3976 y(In)f(contrast)g(to)g(this,)h(the)f(attrib)n
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7028 o(ail)f(if)h(the)396 4192 y(attrib)n(ute)f(is)h(missing.)f(T)-7
7029 b(o)20 b(get)h(the)f(v)n(alue,)f(you)g(can)h(apply)g(the)g(method)f
7030 Fq(optional_string_attribute)p Fv(:)396 4372 y Fq(let)45
7031 b(value_of_b)e(=)h(n)h(#)g(optional_string_attribute)40
7032 b("b")396 4563 y Fv(No)n(w)-5 b(,)20 b Fq(value_of_b)f
7033 Fv(is)i(of)f(type)g Fq(string)43 b(option)p Fv(,)20 b(and)f
7034 Fq(None)i Fv(represents)e(the)h(omitted)g(attrib)n(ute.)f(Alternati)n
7035 (v)o(ely)-5 b(,)396 4671 y(you)20 b(could)f(also)h(use)h
7036 Fq(attribute)p Fv(:)396 4851 y Fq(let)45 b(value_of_b)e(=)p
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7039 63 62 bop Black 2225 67 a Fr(Chapter)20 b(3.)g(The)g(objects)g(r)m(epr)
7040 m(esenting)g(the)g(document)p Black 486 579 a Fq(match)44
7041 b(n)h(#)f(attribute)g("b")g(with)576 676 y(Value)g(s)313
7042 b(->)45 b(Some)f(s)486 773 y(|)h(Implied_value)d(->)j(None)486
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7044 b(attrib)n(ute)g Fq(c)h Fv(beha)n(v)o(es)e(much)g(lik)o(e)h
7045 Fq(a)p Fv(,)h(because)e(it)i(has)g(al)o(w)o(ays)f(a)h(v)n(alue.)e(If)h
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7049 (required_string_attribute)e Fv(to)j(get)g(the)h(v)n(alue.)396
7050 1468 y(The)f(type)g Fq(CDATA)g Fv(is)h(the)f(most)g(general)f(string)h
7051 (type.)g(The)g(types)g Fq(NMTOKEN)p Fv(,)f Fq(ID)p Fv(,)h
7052 Fq(IDREF)p Fv(,)g Fq(ENTITY)p Fv(,)f(and)h(all)396 1576
7053 y(enumerators)e(and)i(notations)f(are)h(special)h(forms)e(of)h(string)g
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7055 1684 y(O'Caml,)h(the)o(y)g(beha)n(v)o(e)f(lik)o(e)h Fq(CDATA)p
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7059 g(this,)h(the)f(types)g Fq(NMTOKENS)p Fv(,)f Fq(IDREFS)p
7060 Fv(,)g(and)h Fq(ENTITIES)g Fv(mean)f(lists)j(of)e(strings.)g(Suppose)f
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7062 y Fq(<!ATTLIST)44 b(f)g(d)h(NMTOKENS)e(#REQUIRED)934
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7064 b(type)g Fq(NMTOKENS)f Fv(stands)i(for)e(lists)j(of)e(space-separated)e
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7067 b("abc";)f("23ef"])p Fv(.)20 b(\(Again,)e Fq(IDREFS)i
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7069 (alues.\))396 2733 y(T)-7 b(o)21 b(get)f(the)g(v)n(alue)g(of)f(attrib)n
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7071 b(value_of_d)e(=)h(n)h(#)g(required_list_attribute)c("d")396
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7074 f(l)486 3576 y(|)h(_)493 b(->)44 b(assert)g(false)396
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7830 (resolv)o(e)h(URLs)h(of)f(the)g(HTTP)g(namespace.)p Black
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7880 396 4370 a Ft(\225)p Black 60 w Fq(from_channel)43 b(ch)p
7881 Fv(:)21 b(The)e(document)g(is)i(read)e(from)h(the)g(channel)f
7882 Fq(ch)p Fv(.)h(In)g(general,)f(this)h(source)g(also)g(supports)479
7883 4478 y(\002le)h(URLs)g(found)e(in)h(the)g(document;)f(ho)n(we)n(v)o(er)
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7888 y Fq(from_channel)43 b(~id:\(System)g("file:///dir/dir1/"\))f(ch)p
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7903 396 1482 a Ft(\225)p Black 60 w Fq(from_string)f(s)p
7904 Fv(:)21 b(The)f(string)g Fq(s)g Fv(is)h(the)g(document)d(to)i(parse.)g
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7906 1590 y(of)f Fq(SYSTEM)g Fv(clauses,)g(nor)g(it)h(can)f(look)f(up)h
7907 Fq(PUBLIC)f Fv(identi\002ers.)479 1740 y(Normally)-5
7908 b(,)19 b(the)h(encoding)e(of)i(the)g(string)g(is)h(detected)e(as)i
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7912 Fq(let)45 b(src)f(=)h(from_string)e(~fixenc:`ISO-8859-2)e(s)p
7913 Black 396 2177 a Ft(\225)p Black 60 w Fq(ExtID)j(\(id,)g(r\))p
7914 Fv(:)21 b(The)f(document)e(to)i(parse)g(is)h(denoted)e(by)h(the)g
7915 (identi\002er)g Fq(id)g Fv(\(either)f(a)i Fq(SYSTEM)f
7916 Fv(or)g Fq(PUBLIC)479 2285 y Fv(clause\),)g(and)g(this)g(identi\002er)g
7917 (is)h(interpreted)d(by)i(the)g(resolv)o(er)f Fq(r)p Fv(.)i(Use)f(this)h
7918 (mode)e(if)i(you)e(ha)n(v)o(e)h(written)g(your)f(o)n(wn)479
7919 2393 y(resolv)o(er)-5 b(.)479 2542 y(Which)20 b(character)f(sets)j(are)
7920 e(possible)g(depends)e(on)i(the)g(passed)h(resolv)o(er)d
7921 Fq(r)p Fv(.)p Black 396 2692 a Ft(\225)p Black 60 w Fq(Entity)44
7922 b(\(get_entity,)f(r\))p Fv(:)20 b(The)g(document)e(to)j(parse)f(is)h
7923 (returned)d(by)i(the)g(function)f(in)m(v)n(ocation)479
7924 2800 y Fq(get_entity)43 b(dtd)p Fv(,)20 b(where)g Fq(dtd)g
7925 Fv(is)h(the)g(DTD)f(object)g(to)g(use)g(\(it)h(may)f(be)g(empty\).)f
7926 (Inner)f(e)o(xternal)h(references)479 2908 y(occuring)g(in)h(this)h
7927 (entity)e(are)i(resolv)o(ed)d(using)i(the)g(resolv)o(er)f
7928 Fq(r)p Fv(.)479 3057 y(Which)h(character)f(sets)j(are)e(possible)g
7929 (depends)e(on)i(the)g(passed)h(resolv)o(er)d Fq(r)p Fv(.)-2
7930 3510 y Fp(4.2.2.)35 b(The)f(resolver)g(API)396 3677 y
7931 Fv(A)21 b(resolv)o(er)e(is)i(an)f(object)g(that)g(can)g(be)g(opened)e
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7934 y(the)h(XML)h(identi\002er)e(of)h(the)g(entity)g(to)h(read)e(from)g
7935 (\(either)h(a)g Fq(SYSTEM)g Fv(or)g Fq(PUBLIC)g Fv(clause\).)f(When)h
7936 (opened,)f(the)396 3893 y(resolv)o(er)g(must)h(return)f(the)i
7937 Fq(Lexing.lexbuf)d Fv(that)i(reads)g(the)h(characters.)e(The)g(resolv)o
7938 (er)g(can)h(be)h(closed,)e(and)h(it)396 4001 y(can)g(be)g(cloned.)f
7939 (Furthermore,)f(it)j(is)g(possible)f(to)g(tell)h(the)f(resolv)o(er)f
7940 (which)h(character)f(set)i(it)g(should)e(assume.)h(-)g(The)396
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7942 b(Not_competent)396 4386 y(exception)g(Not_resolvable)e(of)j(exn)396
7943 4581 y(class)f(type)g(resolver)g(=)486 4678 y(object)576
7944 4775 y(method)f(init_rep_encoding)f(:)j(rep_encoding)e(->)h(unit)576
7945 4872 y(method)f(init_warner)g(:)i(collect_warnings)d(->)j(unit)p
7946 Black 3798 5278 a Fr(76)p Black eop
7948 77 76 bop Black 2348 67 a Fr(Chapter)20 b(4.)g(Con\002guring)e(and)i
7949 (calling)f(the)h(par)o(ser)p Black 576 579 a Fq(method)43
7950 b(rep_encoding)g(:)i(rep_encoding)576 676 y(method)e(open_in)h(:)h
7951 (ext_id)f(->)g(Lexing.lexbuf)576 773 y(method)f(close_in)h(:)h(unit)576
7952 870 y(method)e(change_encoding)g(:)h(string)g(->)h(unit)576
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7955 (must)g(w)o(ork)f(as)i(follo)n(ws:)p Black 396 1627 a
7956 Ft(\225)p Black 60 w Fv(When)f(the)h(parser)e(is)i(called,)f(it)h
7957 (tells)g(the)f(resolv)o(er)f(the)h(w)o(arner)g(object)f(and)h(the)g
7958 (internal)g(encoding)e(by)i(in)m(v)n(oking)479 1735 y
7959 Fq(init_warner)f Fv(and)h Fq(init_rep_encoding)p Fv(.)d(The)j(resolv)o
7960 (er)f(should)g(store)i(these)f(v)n(alues.)f(The)h(method)479
7961 1843 y Fq(rep_encoding)f Fv(should)g(return)g(the)h(internal)g
7962 (encoding.)p Black 396 1950 a Ft(\225)p Black 60 w Fv(If)g(the)h
7963 (parser)e(w)o(ants)i(to)f(read)g(from)f(the)h(resolv)o(er)m(,)e(it)j
7964 (in)m(v)n(ok)o(es)f(the)g(method)f Fq(open_in)p Fv(.)g(Either)h(the)g
7965 (resolv)o(er)479 2058 y(succeeds,)g(in)g(which)g(case)g(the)h
7966 Fq(Lexing.lexbuf)d Fv(reading)h(from)g(the)h(\002le)h(or)f(stream)g
7967 (must)g(be)h(returned,)d(or)479 2166 y(opening)h(f)o(ails.)h(In)g(the)g
7968 (latter)h(case)f(the)h(method)d(implementation)g(should)h(raise)i(an)f
7969 (e)o(xception)e(\(see)j(belo)n(w\).)p Black 396 2274
7970 a Ft(\225)p Black 60 w Fv(If)f(the)h(parser)e(\002nishes)i(reading,)d
7971 (it)j(calls)g(the)f Fq(close_in)g Fv(method.)p Black
7972 396 2382 a Ft(\225)p Black 60 w Fv(If)g(the)h(parser)e(\002nds)h(a)h
7973 (reference)d(to)j(another)e(e)o(xternal)f(entity)i(in)h(the)f(input)f
7974 (stream,)h(it)h(calls)g Fq(clone)f Fv(to)g(get)h(a)479
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7976 (\(not)f(yet)h(connected)f(with)h(an)g(input)f(stream\).)h(The)g
7977 (parser)479 2598 y(then)g(in)m(v)n(ok)o(es)f Fq(open_in)h
7978 Fv(and)f(the)i(other)e(methods)g(as)i(described.)p Black
7979 396 2706 a Ft(\225)p Black 60 w Fv(If)f(you)g(already)f(kno)n(w)g(the)h
7980 (character)f(set)i(of)f(the)g(input)g(stream,)f(you)h(should)f(recode)g
7981 (it)i(to)f(the)g(internal)479 2814 y(encoding,)e(and)i(de\002ne)f(the)i
7982 (method)d Fq(change_encoding)h Fv(as)i(an)f(empty)f(method.)p
7983 Black 396 2922 a Ft(\225)p Black 60 w Fv(If)h(you)g(w)o(ant)g(to)g
7984 (support)f(multiple)h(e)o(xternal)f(character)g(sets,)i(the)f(object)f
7985 (must)i(follo)n(w)e(a)i(much)e(more)479 3030 y(complicated)g(protocol.)
7986 f(Directly)i(after)g Fq(open_in)f Fv(has)i(been)e(called,)h(the)g
7987 (resolv)o(er)f(must)h(return)f(a)i(le)o(xical)f(b)n(uf)n(fer)479
7988 3138 y(that)h(only)e(reads)h(one)g(byte)f(at)i(a)g(time.)f(This)g(is)h
7989 (only)f(possible)f(if)i(you)e(create)h(the)g(le)o(xical)g(b)n(uf)n(fer)
7990 f(with)479 3246 y Fq(Lexing.from_function)p Fv(;)e(the)j(function)d
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7992 (yet)h(reached,)e(and)h(0)479 3354 y(if)i(EOF)f(is)h(reached.)e(If)h
7993 (the)g(parser)g(has)g(read)g(the)g(\002rst)h(line)f(of)g(the)h
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7995 e Fv(to)h(tell)h(the)f(resolv)o(er)f(which)h(character)e(set)j(to)g
7996 (assume.)f(From)f(this)i(moment,)e(the)h(object)479 3569
7997 y(can)g(return)f(more)h(than)f(one)h(byte)g(at)g(once.)g(The)g(ar)o
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7999 (of)479 3677 y(the)i("encoding")e(attrib)n(ute)i(of)g(the)g(XML)h
8000 (declaration,)d(or)i(the)g(empty)f(string)h(if)h(there)e(is)j(not)d(an)
8001 o(y)h(XML)479 3785 y(declaration)f(or)h(if)g(the)h(declaration)d(does)i
8002 (not)g(contain)f(an)h(encoding)e(attrib)n(ute.)479 3935
8003 y(At)j(the)f(be)o(ginning)e(the)i(resolv)o(er)f(must)h(only)g(return)f
8004 (one)g(character)g(e)n(v)o(ery)g(time)h(something)f(is)i(read)f(from)f
8005 (the)479 4043 y(le)o(xical)h(b)n(uf)n(fer)-5 b(.)19 b(The)h(reason)f
8006 (for)h(this)h(is)g(that)f(you)f(otherwise)h(w)o(ould)f(not)h(e)o
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8008 y(the)h(input)g(stream)g(the)g(character)f(set)i(changes.)479
8009 4300 y(If)f(you)g(w)o(ant)g(automatic)f(recognition)f(of)i(the)g
8010 (character)f(set,)i(it)g(is)g(up)f(to)g(the)g(resolv)o(er)f(object)h
8011 (to)g(implement)f(this.)p Black 396 4449 a Ft(\225)p
8012 Black 60 w Fv(If)h(an)g(error)g(occurs,)f(the)h(parser)g(calls)g(the)h
8013 (method)d Fq(close_all)i Fv(for)f(the)h(top-le)n(v)o(el)f(resolv)o(er;)
8014 g(this)i(method)479 4557 y(should)e(close)i(itself)g(\(if)f(not)g
8015 (already)f(done\))f(and)i(all)h(clones.)396 4748 y Fu(Exceptions.)f
8016 Fv(It)h(is)g(possible)f(to)g(chain)g(resolv)o(ers)f(such)h(that)g(when)
8017 g(the)g(\002rst)h(resolv)o(er)e(is)i(not)f(able)g(to)g(open)f(the)396
8018 4856 y(entity)-5 b(,)20 b(the)g(other)f(resolv)o(ers)g(of)h(the)g
8019 (chain)g(are)g(tried)g(in)g(turn.)g(The)g(method)e Fq(open_in)i
8020 Fv(should)f(raise)i(the)f(e)o(xception)p Black 3797 5278
8023 78 77 bop Black 2348 67 a Fr(Chapter)20 b(4.)g(Con\002guring)e(and)i
8024 (calling)f(the)h(par)o(ser)p Black 396 579 a Fq(Not_competent)f
8025 Fv(to)h(indicate)g(that)g(the)g(ne)o(xt)g(resolv)o(er)f(should)g(try)h
8026 (to)g(open)f(the)i(entity)-5 b(.)19 b(If)h(the)g(resolv)o(er)f(is)i
8027 (able)f(to)396 687 y(handle)f(the)i(ID,)f(b)n(ut)g(some)g(other)f
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8030 (breaks.)396 944 y(Example:)g(Ho)n(w)h(to)h(de\002ne)e(a)i(resolv)o(er)
8031 e(that)h(is)h(equi)n(v)n(alent)e(to)h(from_string:)e(...)-2
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8036 1759 y(?id:ext_id)i(->)576 1856 y(?fixenc:encoding)f(->)576
8037 1953 y(?auto_close:bool)g(->)576 2050 y(in_channel)h(->)755
8038 2147 y(resolver)396 2338 y Fv(Reads)21 b(from)e(the)h(passed)g(channel)
8039 f(\(it)i(may)f(be)g(e)n(v)o(en)f(a)i(pipe\).)e(If)h(the)g
8040 Fq(~id)g Fv(ar)o(gument)e(is)j(passed)f(to)h(the)f(object,)f(the)396
8041 2446 y(created)h(resolv)o(er)f(accepts)h(only)f(this)i(ID.)f(Otherwise)
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8043 (been)396 2554 y(cloned,)f(it)h(does)g(not)f(accept)h(an)o(y)f(ID.)g
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8045 (references)f(to)i(e)o(xternal)396 2662 y(entities.)h(Note)f(that)g
8046 (you)f(can)h(combine)f(this)i(resolv)o(er)e(with)h(another)f(resolv)o
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8048 y(\(such)h(as)h(resolv)o(e_as_\002le\);)d(see)j(class)g('combine')d
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8050 Fv(ar)o(gument,)f(the)i(encoding)396 2878 y(of)g(the)g(channel)f(is)i
8051 (set)g(to)g(the)f(passed)g(v)n(alue,)f(re)o(gardless)g(of)h(an)o(y)f
8052 (auto-recognition)e(or)j(an)o(y)f(XML)h(declaration.)f(-)h(If)396
8053 2986 y Fq(~auto_close)43 b(=)i(true)20 b Fv(\(which)f(is)i(the)g(def)o
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8055 Fq(~auto_close)43 b(=)396 3094 y(false)p Fv(,)20 b(the)g(channel)f(is)i
8056 (left)g(open.)396 3315 y Fq(class)44 b(resolve_read_any_channel)d(:)576
8057 3413 y(?auto_close:bool)h(->)576 3510 y(channel_of_id:\(ext_id)f(->)j
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8059 y(resolver)396 3798 y Fv(This)21 b(resolv)o(er)e(calls)h(the)h
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8065 (the)f(def)o(ault)f(mechanism)g(to)h(recognize)f(the)h(encoding)e
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8073 (:)576 4656 y(?base_url:Neturl.url)g(->)576 4753 y(?auto_close:bool)h
8074 (->)576 4851 y(url_of_id:\(ext_id)g(->)i(Neturl.url\))f(->)p
8075 Black 3800 5278 a Fr(78)p Black eop
8077 79 78 bop Black 2348 67 a Fr(Chapter)20 b(4.)g(Con\002guring)e(and)i
8078 (calling)f(the)h(par)o(ser)p Black 576 579 a Fq
8079 (channel_of_url:\(Neturl.url)40 b(->)45 b(\(in_channel)e(*)h(encoding)g
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8139 80 79 bop Black 2348 67 a Fr(Chapter)20 b(4.)g(Con\002guring)e(and)i
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8149 (the)g(string)g(is)h Fq(e)p Fv(.)396 1124 y Fq(class)44
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8154 (->)k(Neturl.url\))e(->)576 1610 y(?channel_of_url:)f(\(Neturl.url)h
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8169 Black 60 w Fq(`Not_recognized:)p Fv(The)c(pre\002x)j(is)h(not)f
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8171 Fq(`Allowed:)g Fv(The)f(pre\002x)h(is)h(allo)n(wed)e(b)n(ut)i(not)f
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8173 Ft(\225)p Black 60 w Fq(`Required:)f Fv(The)h(pre\002x)g(is)h
8174 (required.)396 3257 y(Option)f Fq(~host_prefix:)e Fv(Speci\002es)j(ho)n
8175 (w)e(the)i("//host")f(phrase)f(of)h(\002le)h(names)f(is)h(handled:)p
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8177 Fv(The)c(pre\002x)j(is)h(not)f(recognized.)p Black 396
8178 3598 a Ft(\225)p Black 60 w Fq(`Allowed:)g Fv(The)f(pre\002x)h(is)h
8179 (allo)n(wed)e(b)n(ut)i(not)f(required)e(\(the)i(def)o(ault\).)p
8180 Black 396 3706 a Ft(\225)p Black 60 w Fq(`Required:)f
8181 Fv(The)h(pre\002x)g(is)h(required.)396 3896 y(Option)f
8182 Fq(~system_encoding:)e Fv(Speci\002es)i(the)g(encoding)e(of)i(\002le)h
8183 (names)f(of)g(the)g(local)g(\002le)h(system.)f(Def)o(ault:)396
8184 4004 y(UTF-8.)396 4154 y(Options)g Fq(~url_of_id)p Fv(,)f
8185 Fq(~channel_of_url)p Fv(:)f(Not)i(for)g(the)g(casual)g(user!)396
8186 4376 y Fq(class)44 b(combine)g(:)576 4473 y(?prefer:resolver)e(->)576
8187 4570 y(resolver)h(list)h(->)755 4667 y(resolver)p Black
8188 3800 5278 a Fr(80)p Black eop
8190 81 80 bop Black 2348 67 a Fr(Chapter)20 b(4.)g(Con\002guring)e(and)i
8191 (calling)f(the)h(par)o(ser)p Black 396 579 a Fv(Combines)g(se)n(v)o
8192 (eral)f(resolv)o(er)g(objects.)h(If)g(a)h(concrete)e(entity)g(with)i
8193 (an)f Fq(ext_id)g Fv(is)h(to)f(be)g(opened,)f(the)h(combined)396
8194 687 y(resolv)o(er)f(tries)i(the)f(contained)f(resolv)o(ers)g(in)h(turn)
8195 g(until)g(a)g(resolv)o(er)f(accepts)h(opening)f(the)h(entity)g(\(i.e.)g
8196 (it)g(does)g(not)396 795 y(raise)h(Not_competent)c(on)j(open_in\).)396
8197 944 y(Clones:)h(If)f(the)g('clone')f(method)g(is)i(in)m(v)n(ok)o(ed)d
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8205 Fr(Sorry)-5 b(,)21 b(not)f(yet)g(written.)h(P)-7 b(erhaps)20
8206 b(the)g(interface)g(de\002nition)e(of)j(Pxp_dtd)d(e)n(xpr)m(esses)j
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8208 (******)o(******)o(******)o(******)o(*****)o(*\))396
8209 2160 y(\(*)3048 b(*\))396 2257 y(\(*)45 b(Pxp_dtd:)2643
8210 b(*\))396 2354 y(\(*)224 b(Object)44 b(model)g(of)g(document)g(type)g
8211 (declarations)939 b(*\))396 2452 y(\(*)3048 b(*\))396
8212 2549 y(\(****************************************)o(******)o(******)o
8213 (******)o(******)o(*****)o(*\))396 2743 y(\(*)45 b
8214 (======================================)o(======)o(======)o(======)o
8215 (======)o(=====)o(===)441 2840 y(*)g(OVERVIEW)441 2937
8216 y(*)441 3034 y(*)g(class)f(dtd)g(...............)e(represents)i(the)g
8217 (whole)g(DTD,)g(including)f(element)441 3132 y(*)1210
8218 b(declarations,)43 b(entity)h(declarations,)f(notation)441
8219 3229 y(*)1210 b(declarations,)43 b(and)h(processing)g(instructions)441
8220 3326 y(*)h(class)f(dtd_element)f(.......)g(represents)h(an)g(element)g
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8222 (model)h(and)h(an)f(attribute)f(list)441 3520 y(*)1210
8223 b(declaration)441 3617 y(*)45 b(class)f(dtd_notation)f(......)g
8224 (represents)h(a)g(notation)g(declaration)441 3714 y(*)h(class)f
8225 (proc_instruction)e(..)i(represents)g(a)g(processing)f(instruction)441
8226 3811 y(*)i(======================================)o(======)o(======)o
8227 (======)o(======)o(=====)o(===)441 3909 y(*)441 4006
8228 y(*\))396 4297 y(class)f(dtd)h(:)486 4394 y(\(*)f(Creation:)531
8229 4491 y(*)134 b(new)44 b(dtd)531 4589 y(*)g(creates)g(a)h(new,)f(empty)g
8230 (DTD)g(object)g(without)g(any)g(declaration,)f(without)g(a)i(root)531
8231 4686 y(*)f(element,)g(without)g(an)g(ID.)531 4783 y(*\))p
8232 Black 3800 5278 a Fr(81)p Black eop
8234 82 81 bop Black 2348 67 a Fr(Chapter)20 b(4.)g(Con\002guring)e(and)i
8235 (calling)f(the)h(par)o(ser)p Black 486 579 a Fq
8236 (Pxp_types.collect_warnings)40 b(-)p Fo(>)486 676 y Fq
8237 (Pxp_types.rep_encoding)h(-)p Fo(>)486 773 y Fq(object)576
8238 870 y(method)i(root)i(:)f(string)g(option)665 967 y(\(*)h(get)f(the)g
8239 (name)h(of)f(the)g(root)h(element)e(if)i(present)e(*\))576
8240 1162 y(method)g(set_root)h(:)h(string)e(-)p Fo(>)i Fq(unit)665
8241 1259 y(\(*)g(set)f(the)g(name)h(of)f(the)g(root)h(element.)e(This)h
8242 (method)g(can)g(be)h(invoked)710 1356 y(*)g(only)f(once)710
8243 1453 y(*\))576 1647 y(method)f(id)i(:)g(Pxp_types.dtd_id)d(option)665
8244 1745 y(\(*)j(get)f(the)g(identifier)g(for)g(this)g(DTD)g(*\))576
8245 1939 y(method)f(set_id)h(:)h(Pxp_types.dtd_id)d(-)p Fo(>)i
8246 Fq(unit)665 2036 y(\(*)h(set)f(the)g(identifier.)f(This)i(method)e(can)
8247 i(be)f(invoked)g(only)g(once)g(*\))576 2230 y(method)f(encoding)h(:)h
8248 (Pxp_types.rep_encoding)665 2327 y(\(*)g(returns)e(the)i(encoding)e
8249 (used)h(for)h(character)e(representation)g(*\))576 2619
8250 y(method)g(allow_arbitrary)g(:)h(unit)665 2716 y(\(*)h(After)f(this)g
8251 (method)g(has)g(been)g(invoked,)g(the)g(ob-)396 2813
8252 y(ject)g(changes)g(its)g(behaviour:)710 2910 y(*)h(-)f(elements)g(and)g
8253 (notations)g(that)g(have)g(not)g(been)g(added)g(may)h(be)f(used)g(in)h
8254 (an)710 3007 y(*)134 b(arbitrary)44 b(way;)g(the)g(methods)g("element")
8255 f(and)i("notation")e(indicate)g(this)710 3104 y(*)134
8256 b(by)45 b(raising)f(Undeclared)f(instead)g(of)i(Validation_error.)710
8257 3202 y(*\))576 3396 y(method)e(disallow_arbitrary)f(:)j(unit)576
8258 3590 y(method)e(arbitrary_allowed)f(:)j(bool)665 3687
8259 y(\(*)g(Returns)e(whether)h(arbitrary)f(contents)h(are)g(allowed)g(or)g
8260 (not.)h(*\))576 3882 y(method)e(standalone_declaration)f(:)i(bool)665
8261 3979 y(\(*)h(Whether)e(there)h(is)h(a)g('standalone')d(declaration)h
8262 (or)i(not.)f(Strictly)710 4076 y(*)h(speaking,)e(this)h(declaration)f
8263 (is)i(not)f(part)g(of)h(the)f(DTD,)g(but)h(it)f(is)710
8264 4173 y(*)h(included)e(here)h(because)g(of)h(practical)e(reasons.)710
8265 4270 y(*)i(If)f(not)h(set,)f(this)g(property)f(defaults)h(to)g
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8268 4659 y(\(*)h(Sets)f(the)g('standalone')f(declaration.)g(*\))p
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8271 83 82 bop Black 2348 67 a Fr(Chapter)20 b(4.)g(Con\002guring)e(and)i
8272 (calling)f(the)h(par)o(ser)p Black 576 579 a Fq(method)43
8273 b(add_element)g(:)i(dtd_element)e(-)p Fo(>)h Fq(unit)665
8274 676 y(\(*)h(add)f(the)g(given)g(element)g(declaration)f(to)i(this)f
8275 (DTD.)g(Raises)g(Not_found)710 773 y(*)h(if)f(there)g(is)h(already)e
8276 (an)i(element)f(declaration)f(with)h(the)g(same)g(name.)710
8277 870 y(*\))576 1065 y(method)f(add_gen_entity)g(:)i(Pxp_entity.entity)d
8278 (-)p Fo(>)i Fq(bool)g(-)p Fo(>)g Fq(unit)665 1162 y(\(*)h
8279 (add_gen_entity)d(e)j(extdecl:)710 1259 y(*)g(add)f(the)g(entity)g('e')
8280 h(as)f(general)g(entity)g(to)g(this)g(DTD)h(\(general)e(entities)710
8281 1356 y(*)i(are)f(those)g(represented)f(by)i(&name;\).)e(If)i(there)f
8282 (is)g(already)g(a)g(declaration)710 1453 y(*)h(with)f(the)g(same)g
8283 (name,)g(the)h(second)f(definition)f(is)h(ignored;)g(as)g(excep-)396
8284 1550 y(tion)g(from)710 1647 y(*)h(this)f(rule,)g(entities)f(with)i
8285 (names)f("lt",)g("gt",)g("amp",)f("quot",)h(and)g("apos")710
8286 1745 y(*)h(may)f(only)g(be)h(redeclared)e(with)h(a)h(definition)e(that)
8287 h(is)h(equivalent)e(to)h(the)710 1842 y(*)h(standard)e(definition;)g
8288 (otherwise)h(a)g(Validation_error)e(is)j(raised.)710
8289 1939 y(*)710 2036 y(*)g('extdecl':)e('true')h(indicates)f(that)h(the)h
8290 (entity)e(declaration)g(occurs)h(in)710 2133 y(*)h(an)f(external)g
8291 (entity.)f(\(Used)h(for)h(the)f(standalone)f(check.\))710
8292 2230 y(*\))576 2424 y(method)g(add_par_entity)g(:)i(Pxp_entity.entity)d
8293 (-)p Fo(>)i Fq(unit)665 2522 y(\(*)h(add)f(the)g(given)g(entity)g(as)h
8294 (parameter)e(entity)h(to)g(this)h(DTD)f(\(parameter)710
8295 2619 y(*)h(entities)e(are)i(those)f(represented)f(by)h(\045name;\).)g
8296 (If)g(there)g(is)h(already)e(a)710 2716 y(*)i(declaration)e(with)h(the)
8297 g(same)g(name,)g(the)h(second)f(definition)f(is)h(ignored.)710
8298 2813 y(*\))576 3007 y(method)f(add_notation)g(:)i(dtd_notation)e(-)p
8299 Fo(>)h Fq(unit)665 3104 y(\(*)h(add)f(the)g(given)g(notation)g(to)g
8300 (this)h(DTD.)f(If)g(there)g(is)h(al-)396 3202 y(ready)f(a)h
8301 (declaration)710 3299 y(*)g(with)f(the)g(same)g(name,)g(a)h
8302 (Validation_error)d(is)j(raised.)710 3396 y(*\))576 3590
8303 y(method)e(add_pinstr)h(:)g(proc_instruction)e(-)p Fo(>)j
8304 Fq(unit)665 3687 y(\(*)g(add)f(the)g(given)g(processing)g(instruction)f
8305 (to)h(this)g(DTD.)g(*\))576 3882 y(method)f(element)h(:)h(string)f(-)p
8306 Fo(>)g Fq(dtd_element)665 3979 y(\(*)h(looks)f(up)g(the)h(element)e
8307 (declaration)g(with)h(the)h(given)f(name.)g(Raises)710
8308 4076 y(*)h(Validation_error)d(if)i(the)h(element)e(can-)396
8309 4173 y(not)i(be)f(found.)g(\(If)g("allow_arbitrary")710
8310 4270 y(*)h(has)f(been)g(invoked)g(before,)g(Unrestricted)e(is)j(raised)
8311 f(instead.\))710 4367 y(*\))576 4561 y(method)f(element_names)g(:)i
8312 (string)f(list)665 4659 y(\(*)h(returns)e(the)i(list)f(of)g(the)h
8313 (names)f(of)g(all)h(element)e(declarations.)g(*\))576
8314 4853 y(method)g(gen_entity)h(:)g(string)g(-)p Fo(>)g
8315 Fq(\(Pxp_entity.entity)e(*)j(bool\))p Black 3800 5278
8318 84 83 bop Black 2348 67 a Fr(Chapter)20 b(4.)g(Con\002guring)e(and)i
8319 (calling)f(the)h(par)o(ser)p Black 665 579 a Fq(\(*)45
8320 b(let)f(e,)h(extdecl)e(=)i(obj)f(#)h(gen_entity)e(n:)710
8321 676 y(*)i(looks)f(up)g(the)h(general)e(entity)h('e')g(with)h(the)f
8322 (name)g('n'.)g(Raises)710 773 y(*)h(WF_error)e(if)i(the)f(entity)g
8323 (cannot)g(be)g(found.)710 870 y(*)h('extdecl':)e(indicates)g(whether)h
8324 (the)g(entity)g(declaration)f(occured)h(in)g(an)710 967
8325 y(*)h(external)e(entity.)710 1065 y(*\))576 1259 y(method)g
8326 (gen_entity_names)g(:)h(string)g(list)665 1356 y(\(*)h(returns)e(the)i
8327 (list)f(of)g(all)h(general)e(entity)h(names)g(*\))576
8328 1550 y(method)f(par_entity)h(:)g(string)g(-)p Fo(>)g
8329 Fq(Pxp_entity.entity)665 1647 y(\(*)h(looks)f(up)g(the)h(parameter)e
8330 (entity)h(with)g(the)g(given)g(name.)g(Raises)710 1745
8331 y(*)h(WF_error)e(if)i(the)f(entity)g(cannot)g(be)g(found.)710
8332 1842 y(*\))576 2036 y(method)f(par_entity_names)g(:)h(string)g(list)665
8333 2133 y(\(*)h(returns)e(the)i(list)f(of)g(all)h(parameter)e(entity)h
8334 (names)g(*\))576 2327 y(method)f(notation)h(:)h(string)e(-)p
8335 Fo(>)i Fq(dtd_notation)665 2424 y(\(*)g(looks)f(up)g(the)h(notation)e
8336 (declaration)g(with)h(the)h(given)f(name.)g(Raises)710
8337 2522 y(*)h(Validation_error)d(if)i(the)h(notation)e(can-)396
8338 2619 y(not)i(be)f(found.)g(\(If)g("allow_arbitrary")710
8339 2716 y(*)h(has)f(been)g(invoked)g(before,)g(Unrestricted)e(is)j(raised)
8340 f(instead.\))710 2813 y(*\))576 3007 y(method)f(notation_names)g(:)i
8341 (string)e(list)665 3104 y(\(*)i(Returns)e(the)i(list)f(of)g(the)h
8342 (names)f(of)g(all)h(added)f(notations)f(*\))576 3299
8343 y(method)g(pinstr)h(:)h(string)f(-)p Fo(>)g Fq(proc_instruction)e(list)
8344 665 3396 y(\(*)j(looks)f(up)g(all)h(processing)e(instructions)g(with)h
8345 (the)g(given)g(target.)710 3493 y(*)h(The)f("target")g(is)g(the)g
8346 (identifier)g(following)f(")p Fo(<)p Fq(?".)710 3590
8347 y(*)i(Note:)f(It)g(is)h(not)f(possible)g(to)g(find)g(out)h(the)f(exact)
8348 g(position)f(of)i(the)710 3687 y(*)g(processing)e(instruction.)710
8349 3784 y(*\))576 3979 y(method)g(pinstr_names)g(:)i(string)f(list)665
8350 4076 y(\(*)h(Returns)e(the)i(list)f(of)g(the)h(names)f(\(targets\))f
8351 (of)i(all)f(added)g(pinstrs)f(*\))576 4270 y(method)g(validate)h(:)h
8352 (unit)665 4367 y(\(*)g(ensures)e(that)i(the)f(DTD)g(is)h(valid.)f(This)
8353 g(method)g(is)g(optimized)f(such)h(that)710 4464 y(*)h(actual)f
8354 (validation)f(is)h(only)g(performed)g(if)g(DTD)h(has)f(changed.)710
8355 4561 y(*)h(If)f(the)h(DTD)f(is)g(invalid,)g(mostly)g(a)g
8356 (Validation_error)f(is)h(raised,)710 4659 y(*)h(but)f(other)g
8357 (exceptions)f(are)i(possible,)e(too.)710 4756 y(*\))p
8358 Black 3800 5278 a Fr(84)p Black eop
8360 85 84 bop Black 2348 67 a Fr(Chapter)20 b(4.)g(Con\002guring)e(and)i
8361 (calling)f(the)h(par)o(ser)p Black 576 579 a Fq(method)43
8362 b(only_deterministic_models)e(:)k(unit)665 676 y(\(*)g(Succeeds)e(if)i
8363 (all)f(regexp)g(content)g(models)f(are)i(deterministic.)710
8364 773 y(*)g(Otherwise)e(Validation_error.)710 870 y(*\))576
8365 1065 y(method)g(write)h(:)h(Pxp_types.output_stream)c(-)p
8366 Fo(>)j Fq(Pxp_types.encoding)e(-)p Fo(>)j Fq(bool)f(-)396
8367 1162 y Fo(>)h Fq(unit)665 1259 y(\(*)g(write_compact_as_latin1)c(os)j
8368 (enc)h(doctype:)710 1356 y(*)g(Writes)f(the)g(DTD)g(as)h('enc'-encoded)
8369 d(string)i(to)h('os'.)f(If)g('doctype',)f(a)710 1453
8370 y(*)i(DTD)f(like)g Fo(<)p Fq(!DOCTYPE)f(root)i([)f(...)h(])p
8371 Fo(>)f Fq(is)g(written.)g(If)g('not)h(doctype',)710 1550
8372 y(*)g(only)f(the)g(declarations)f(are)h(written)g(\(the)g(material)g
8373 (within)g(the)710 1647 y(*)h(square)f(brackets\).)710
8374 1745 y(*\))576 1939 y(method)f(write_compact_as_latin1)e(:)k
8375 (Pxp_types.output_stream)c(-)p Fo(>)j Fq(bool)h(-)p Fo(>)f
8376 Fq(unit)665 2036 y(\(*)h(DEPRECATED)e(METHOD;)h(included)f(only)h(to)h
8377 (keep)f(compatibility)f(with)710 2133 y(*)i(older)f(versions)f(of)i
8378 (the)f(parser)710 2230 y(*\))576 2522 y
8379 (\(*---------------------------*\))576 2619 y(method)f(invalidate)h(:)g
8380 (unit)665 2716 y(\(*)h(INTERNAL)e(METHOD)h(*\))576 2813
8381 y(method)f(warner)h(:)h(Pxp_types.collect_warnings)665
8382 2910 y(\(*)g(INTERNAL)e(METHOD)h(*\))486 3007 y(end)396
8383 3396 y(\(*)h(--------------------------------------)o(------)o(---)39
8384 b(*\))396 3590 y(and)45 b(dtd_element)e(:)h(dtd)h(-)p
8385 Fo(>)f Fq(string)g(-)p Fo(>)486 3687 y Fq(\(*)g(Creation:)531
8386 3784 y(*)134 b(new)44 b(dtd_element)f(init_dtd)h(init_name:)531
8387 3882 y(*)g(creates)g(a)h(new)f(dtd_element)f(object)h(for)g(init_dtd)g
8388 (with)g(init_name.)531 3979 y(*)g(The)h(strings)e(are)i(represented)e
8389 (in)h(the)h(same)f(encoding)f(as)i(init_dtd.)531 4076
8390 y(*\))486 4173 y(object)576 4367 y(method)e(name)i(:)f(string)665
8391 4464 y(\(*)h(returns)e(the)i(name)f(of)g(the)h(declared)e(element)h
8392 (*\))576 4659 y(method)f(externally_declared)f(:)j(bool)665
8393 4756 y(\(*)g(returns)e(whether)h(the)g(element)g(declaration)f(occurs)h
8394 (in)g(an)h(external)710 4853 y(*)g(entity.)p Black 3800
8395 5278 a Fr(85)p Black eop
8397 86 85 bop Black 2348 67 a Fr(Chapter)20 b(4.)g(Con\002guring)e(and)i
8398 (calling)f(the)h(par)o(ser)p Black 710 579 a Fq(*\))576
8399 773 y(method)43 b(content_model)g(:)i(Pxp_types.content_model_type)665
8400 870 y(\(*)g(get)f(the)g(content)g(model)g(of)h(this)f(element)f
8401 (declaration,)g(or)i(Unspecified)e(*\))576 1065 y(method)g(content_dfa)
8402 g(:)i(Pxp_dfa.dfa_definition)c(option)665 1162 y(\(*)k(return)f(the)g
8403 (DFA)g(of)h(the)f(content)g(model)g(if)g(there)g(is)h(a)f(DFA,)h(or)f
8404 (None.)710 1259 y(*)h(A)f(DFA)h(exists)f(only)g(for)g(regexp)g(style)g
8405 (content)g(models)f(which)h(are)710 1356 y(*)h(deterministic.)710
8406 1453 y(*\))576 1647 y(method)e(set_cm_and_extdecl)f(:)j
8407 (Pxp_types.content_model_type)40 b(-)p Fo(>)k Fq(bool)h(-)p
8408 Fo(>)f Fq(unit)665 1745 y(\(*)h(set_cm_and_extdecl)d(cm)i(extdecl:)710
8409 1842 y(*)h(set)f(the)g(content)g(model)g(to)h('cm'.)f(Once)g(the)g
8410 (content)g(model)g(is)g(not)710 1939 y(*)h(Unspecified,)e(it)h(cannot)g
8411 (be)g(set)h(to)f(a)h(different)e(value)h(again.)710 2036
8412 y(*)h(Furthermore,)e(it)h(is)h(set)f(whether)g(the)g(element)g(occurs)f
8413 (in)i(an)f(external)710 2133 y(*)h(entity)f(\('extdecl'\).)710
8414 2230 y(*\))576 2424 y(method)f(encoding)h(:)h(Pxp_types.rep_encoding)
8415 665 2522 y(\(*)g(Return)f(the)g(encoding)f(of)i(the)f(strings)g(*\))576
8416 2716 y(method)f(allow_arbitrary)g(:)h(unit)665 2813 y(\(*)h(After)f
8417 (this)g(method)g(has)g(been)g(invoked,)g(the)g(ob-)396
8418 2910 y(ject)g(changes)g(its)g(behaviour:)710 3007 y(*)h(-)f(attributes)
8419 g(that)g(have)g(not)g(been)g(added)g(may)h(be)f(used)g(in)h(an)710
8420 3104 y(*)134 b(arbitrary)44 b(way;)g(the)g(method)g("attribute")f
8421 (indicates)g(this)710 3202 y(*)134 b(by)45 b(raising)f(Undeclared)f
8422 (instead)g(of)i(Validation_error.)710 3299 y(*\))576
8423 3493 y(method)e(disallow_arbitrary)f(:)j(unit)576 3687
8424 y(method)e(arbitrary_allowed)f(:)j(bool)665 3784 y(\(*)g(Returns)e
8425 (whether)h(arbitrary)f(attributes)h(are)g(allowed)g(or)g(not.)g(*\))576
8426 3979 y(method)f(attribute)h(:)g(string)g(-)p Fo(>)1517
8427 4076 y Fq(Pxp_types.att_type)e(*)j(Pxp_types.att_default)665
8428 4173 y(\(*)g(get)f(the)g(type)h(and)f(default)g(value)g(of)g(a)h
8429 (declared)e(attribute,)g(or)i(raise)710 4270 y(*)g(Validation_error)d
8430 (if)i(the)h(attribute)e(does)h(not)h(exist.)710 4367
8431 y(*)g(If)f('arbitrary_allowed',)e(the)i(exception)f(Undeclared)h(is)g
8432 (raised)g(instead)710 4464 y(*)h(of)f(Validation_error.)710
8433 4561 y(*\))576 4756 y(method)f
8434 (attribute_violates_standalone_declaration)38 b(:)1069
8435 4853 y(string)44 b(-)p Fo(>)g Fq(string)g(option)g(-)p
8436 Fo(>)g Fq(bool)p Black 3798 5278 a Fr(86)p Black eop
8438 87 86 bop Black 2348 67 a Fr(Chapter)20 b(4.)g(Con\002guring)e(and)i
8439 (calling)f(the)h(par)o(ser)p Black 665 579 a Fq(\(*)45
8440 b(attribute_violates_standalone_declarat)o(ion)39 b(name)44
8441 b(v:)710 676 y(*)h(Checks)f(whether)f(the)i(attribute)e('name')h
8442 (violates)f(the)i("standalone")710 773 y(*)g(declaration)e(if)h(it)h
8443 (has)f(value)g('v'.)710 870 y(*)h(The)f(method)g(returns)g(true)g(if:)
8444 710 967 y(*)h(-)f(The)h(attribute)e(declaration)g(occurs)h(in)g(an)h
8445 (external)e(entity,)710 1065 y(*)i(and)f(if)h(one)f(of)g(the)h(two)f
8446 (conditions)f(holds:)710 1162 y(*)i(-)f(v)h(=)g(None,)f(and)g(there)g
8447 (is)h(a)f(default)g(for)g(the)h(attribute)e(value)710
8448 1259 y(*)i(-)f(v)h(=)g(Some)f(s,)g(and)h(the)f(type)g(of)h(the)f
8449 (attribute)f(is)i(not)f(CDATA,)710 1356 y(*)134 b(and)45
8450 b(s)f(changes)g(if)h(normalized)e(according)g(to)i(the)f(rules)g(of)g
8451 (the)710 1453 y(*)134 b(attribute)44 b(type.)710 1550
8452 y(*)710 1647 y(*)h(The)f(method)g(raises)g(Validation_error)e(if)i(the)
8453 h(attribute)e(does)h(not)g(exist.)710 1745 y(*)h(If)f
8454 ('arbitrary_allowed',)e(the)i(exception)f(Undeclared)h(is)g(raised)g
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8456 y(*\))576 2133 y(method)f(attribute_names)g(:)h(string)g(list)665
8457 2230 y(\(*)h(get)f(the)g(list)h(of)f(all)g(declared)g(attributes)f(*\))
8458 576 2424 y(method)g(names_of_required_attributes)e(:)j(string)g(list)
8459 665 2522 y(\(*)h(get)f(the)g(list)h(of)f(all)g(attributes)g(that)g(are)
8460 g(specified)f(as)i(required)710 2619 y(*)g(attributes)710
8461 2716 y(*\))576 2910 y(method)e(id_attribute_name)f(:)j(string)f(option)
8462 665 3007 y(\(*)h(Returns)e(the)i(name)f(of)g(the)h(attribute)e(with)h
8463 (type)g(ID,)h(or)f(None.)g(*\))576 3202 y(method)f
8464 (idref_attribute_names)f(:)i(string)g(list)665 3299 y(\(*)h(Returns)e
8465 (the)i(names)f(of)g(the)h(attributes)e(with)h(type)g(IDREF)g(or)h
8466 (IDREFS.)e(*\))576 3493 y(method)g(add_attribute)g(:)i(string)f(-)p
8467 Fo(>)1607 3590 y Fq(Pxp_types.att_type)e(-)p Fo(>)531
8468 3687 y Fq(Pxp_types.att_default)f(-)p Fo(>)531 3784 y
8469 Fq(bool)j(-)p Fo(>)620 3882 y Fq(unit)665 3979 y(\(*)h(add_attribute)d
8470 (name)j(type)f(default)f(extdecl:)710 4076 y(*)i(add)f(an)h(attribute)e
8471 (declaration)g(for)h(an)h(attribute)e(with)h(the)h(given)e(name,)710
8472 4173 y(*)i(type,)f(and)g(default)g(value.)g(If)g(there)g(is)h(more)f
8473 (than)g(one)g(declaration)f(for)710 4270 y(*)i(an)f(attribute)g(name,)g
8474 (the)g(first)g(declara-)396 4367 y(tion)g(counts;)g(the)g(other)g
8475 (declarations)710 4464 y(*)h(are)f(ignored.)710 4561
8476 y(*)h('extdecl':)e(if)h(true,)g(the)h(attribute)e(declaration)g(occurs)
8477 h(in)g(an)h(external)710 4659 y(*)g(entity.)e(This)i(property)e(is)i
8478 (used)f(to)g(check)g(the)h("standalone")d(attribute.)710
8479 4756 y(*\))p Black 3797 5278 a Fr(87)p Black eop
8481 88 87 bop Black 2348 67 a Fr(Chapter)20 b(4.)g(Con\002guring)e(and)i
8482 (calling)f(the)h(par)o(ser)p Black 576 579 a Fq(method)43
8483 b(validate)h(:)h(unit)665 676 y(\(*)g(checks)f(whether)f(this)h
8484 (element)g(declaration)f(\(i.e.)h(the)g(content)g(model)g(and)710
8485 773 y(*)h(all)f(attribute)f(declarations\))g(is)i(valid)f(for)g(the)g
8486 (associated)f(DTD.)710 870 y(*)i(Raises)f(mostly)f(Validation_error)g
8487 (if)h(the)g(validation)g(fails.)710 967 y(*\))576 1162
8488 y(method)f(write)h(:)h(Pxp_types.output_stream)c(-)p
8489 Fo(>)j Fq(Pxp_types.encoding)e(-)p Fo(>)j Fq(unit)665
8490 1259 y(\(*)g(write_compact_as_latin1)c(os)j(enc:)710
8491 1356 y(*)h(Writes)f(the)g Fo(<)p Fq(!ELEMENT)f(...)h
8492 Fo(>)h Fq(declaration)e(to)h('os')h(as)f('enc'-)396 1453
8493 y(encoded)g(string.)710 1550 y(*\))576 1745 y(method)f
8494 (write_compact_as_latin1)e(:)k(Pxp_types.output_stream)c(-)p
8495 Fo(>)j Fq(unit)665 1842 y(\(*)h(DEPRECATED)e(METHOD;)h(included)f(only)
8496 h(to)h(keep)f(compatibility)f(with)710 1939 y(*)i(older)f(versions)f
8497 (of)i(the)f(parser)710 2036 y(*\))486 2133 y(end)396
8498 2327 y(\(*)h(--------------------------------------)o(------)o(---)39
8499 b(*\))396 2522 y(and)45 b(dtd_notation)d(:)j(string)f(-)p
8500 Fo(>)g Fq(Pxp_types.ext_id)e(-)p Fo(>)j Fq(Pxp_types.rep_encoding)c(-)p
8501 Fo(>)486 2619 y Fq(\(*)j(Creation:)531 2716 y(*)179 b(new)44
8502 b(dtd_notation)f(a_name)h(an_external_ID)e(init_encoding)531
8503 2813 y(*)i(creates)g(a)h(new)f(dtd_notation)f(object)h(with)g(the)g
8504 (given)g(name)g(and)h(the)f(given)531 2910 y(*)g(external)g(ID.)531
8505 3007 y(*\))486 3104 y(object)576 3202 y(method)f(name)i(:)f(string)576
8506 3299 y(method)f(ext_id)h(:)h(Pxp_types.ext_id)576 3396
8507 y(method)e(encoding)h(:)h(Pxp_types.rep_encoding)576
8508 3590 y(method)e(write)h(:)h(Pxp_types.output_stream)c(-)p
8509 Fo(>)j Fq(Pxp_types.encoding)e(-)p Fo(>)j Fq(unit)665
8510 3687 y(\(*)g(write_compact_as_latin1)c(os)j(enc:)710
8511 3784 y(*)h(Writes)f(the)g Fo(<)p Fq(!NOTATION)f(...)h
8512 Fo(>)h Fq(declaration)e(to)h('os')g(as)h('enc'-encoded)710
8513 3882 y(*)g(string.)710 3979 y(*\))576 4173 y(method)e
8514 (write_compact_as_latin1)e(:)k(Pxp_types.output_stream)c(-)p
8515 Fo(>)j Fq(unit)665 4270 y(\(*)h(DEPRECATED)e(METHOD;)h(included)f(only)
8516 h(to)h(keep)f(compatibility)f(with)710 4367 y(*)i(older)f(versions)f
8517 (of)i(the)f(parser)710 4464 y(*\))486 4659 y(end)396
8518 4853 y(\(*)h(--------------------------------------)o(------)o(---)39
8519 b(*\))p Black 3800 5278 a Fr(88)p Black eop
8521 89 88 bop Black 2348 67 a Fr(Chapter)20 b(4.)g(Con\002guring)e(and)i
8522 (calling)f(the)h(par)o(ser)p Black 396 676 a Fq(and)45
8523 b(proc_instruction)d(:)i(string)g(-)p Fo(>)h Fq(string)e(-)p
8524 Fo(>)i Fq(Pxp_types.rep_encoding)c(-)p Fo(>)486 773 y
8525 Fq(\(*)j(Creation:)531 870 y(*)134 b(new)44 b(proc_instruction)f
8526 (a_target)g(a_value)531 967 y(*)h(creates)g(a)h(new)f(proc_instruction)
8527 e(object)i(with)g(the)h(given)f(target)f(string)h(and)531
8528 1065 y(*)g(the)h(given)f(value)g(string.)531 1162 y(*)g(Note:)g(A)h
8529 (processing)e(instruction)g(is)i(written)e(as)i Fo(<)p
8530 Fq(?target)e(value?)p Fo(>)p Fq(.)531 1259 y(*\))486
8531 1356 y(object)576 1453 y(method)g(target)h(:)h(string)576
8532 1550 y(method)e(value)h(:)h(string)576 1647 y(method)e(encoding)h(:)h
8533 (Pxp_types.rep_encoding)576 1842 y(method)e(write)h(:)h
8534 (Pxp_types.output_stream)c(-)p Fo(>)j Fq(Pxp_types.encoding)e(-)p
8535 Fo(>)j Fq(unit)665 1939 y(\(*)g(write)f(os)g(enc:)710
8536 2036 y(*)h(Writes)f(the)g Fo(<)p Fq(?...?)p Fo(>)f Fq(PI)i(to)f('os')h
8537 (as)f('enc'-encoded)f(string.)710 2133 y(*\))576 2327
8538 y(method)g(write_compact_as_latin1)e(:)k(Pxp_types.output_stream)c(-)p
8539 Fo(>)j Fq(unit)665 2424 y(\(*)h(DEPRECATED)e(METHOD;)h(included)f(only)
8540 h(to)h(keep)f(compatibility)f(with)710 2522 y(*)i(older)f(versions)f
8541 (of)i(the)f(parser)710 2619 y(*\))576 2813 y(method)f(parse_pxp_option)
8542 g(:)h(\(string)g(*)h(string)e(*)i(\(string)f(*)g(string\))g(list\))665
8543 2910 y(\(*)h(Parses)f(a)g(PI)h(containing)e(a)i(PXP)f(option.)g(Such)g
8544 (PIs)g(are)g(formed)g(like:)710 3007 y(*)134 b Fo(<)p
8545 Fq(?target)44 b(option-name)f(option-att="value")f(option-att="value")f
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8865 userdict /end-hook known{end-hook}if
projects / helm.git / blob